14 April 1578 Royal Alcázar of Madrid, Madrid, Crown of Castile, Spain
Died
31 March 1621(1621-03-31) (aged 42) Madrid, Crown of Castile, Spain
Burial
El Escorial
Spouse
Margaret of Austria
(m. 1599; died 1611)
Issue
Anne, Queen of France
Infanta Maria
Philip IV, King of Spain
Maria Anna, Holy Roman Empress
Infante Carlos
Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand
Infanta Margarita
Infante Alonso
House
Habsburg
Father
Philip II of Spain
Mother
Anna of Austria
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Signature
House of Habsburg Spanish line
Emperor Charles V (King Charles I)
Children
Philip II of Spain
Maria, Holy Roman Empress
Joan, Princess of Portugal
Don John (illegitimate)
Margaret of Parma (illegitimate)
Philip II
Children include
Carlos, Prince of Asturias
Isabella, Lady of the Netherlands
Catherine Michaela, Duchess of Savoy
Philip III of Spain
Maria of Spain
Philip III
Children include
Anne, Queen of France
Philip IV of Spain
Maria Anna, Holy Roman Empress
Infante Carlos
Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand
Philip IV
Children include
Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias
Maria Theresa, Queen of France
Margaret, Holy Roman Empress
Philip Prospero, Prince of Asturias
Charles II of Spain
Charles II
v
t
e
Philip III (Spanish: Felipe III; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. As Philip II, he was also King of Portugal, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia and Duke of Milan from 1598 until his death in 1621.
A member of the House of Habsburg, Philip III was born in Madrid to King Philip II of Spain and his fourth wife, his niece Anna, the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II and Maria of Spain. Philip III later married his cousin Margaret of Austria, sister of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor.
Although also known in Spain as Philip the Pious,[1] Philip's political reputation abroad has been largely negative. Historians C. V. Wedgwood, R. Stradling and J. H. Elliott have described him, respectively, as an "undistinguished and insignificant man,"[2] a "miserable monarch,"[3] and a "pallid, anonymous creature, whose only virtue appeared to reside in a total absence of vice."[4] In particular, Philip's reliance on his corrupt chief minister, the Duke of Lerma, drew much criticism at the time and afterwards. For many, the decline of Spain can be dated to the economic difficulties that set in during the early years of his reign. Nonetheless, as the ruler of the Spanish Empire at its height and as the king who achieved a temporary peace with the Dutch (1609–1621) and brought Spain into the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) through an (initially) extremely successful campaign, Philip's reign remains a critical period in Spanish history.
^Stradling 1988, p. 9
^Wedgwood 1981, p. 55
^Stradling 1988, p. 18
^Elliott 1963, pp. 300–301
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