Performance Medicine is a sub-speciality of clinical and diagnostic medicine that is focussed on the optimisation of emotional, mental, and emotional well-being and performance. It is a new and innovative medical speciality that merges the goals of internal medicine, anti-ageing medicine, functional medicine, sports medicine and preventative health care.
Performance medicine differs fundamentally from other areas of medicine by focusing on the healthy non-injured individual that is at low risk of sub-clinical or clinical disease. This population of individuals responds poorly to the current medical paradigm.[1] It uses the principles of evidence-based medicine not to treat disease, but optimise function to reacher higher levels of well-being and performance.[2] This is the medical analog to the field of positive psychology, which uses the scientific principles of psychology not to treat mental disease, but to increase life satisfaction.
The aims of Performance medicine are to increase the body's ability to resist, postpone or prevent disease and/or injury.[3] and maximise human performance in terms of adaptive capacity, endurance,[4] and physical fitness.[5] Performance medicine physicians aim to measure the capacity and interaction of the body's functional systems over time and to modify exposure to environmental factors in such a way that an individual's health is optimised by operating at the "sweet spot" where both performance and longevity are maximimised. This is achieved through an increased adaptive capacity, which is the body's ability to turn stressors into growth opportunities.
The goals of performance medicine have been summarised and include the following:
a focus on maintaining and increasing an individual's adaptive capacity throughout adult life
the maximisation of an individual's metabolic efficiency
the adoption of strategies that increase an individual's resistance to disease and postpone or prevent disease where possible
^M. Roy, M. Levasseur, Y. Couturier, B. Lindström, and M. Généreux, “The relevance of positive approaches to health for patient-centered care medicine,” Preventive Medicine Reports, vol. 2, pp. 10–12, Jan. 2015.
^B. S. McEWEN, “Stress, Adaptation, and Disease: Allostasis and Allostatic Load,” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 840, no. 1, pp. 33–44, Feb. 2006.
^Preventive medicine
^Endurance
^Physical fitness
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