Medical specialty concerned with care for patients who require immediate medical attention
Emergency medicine
Emergency physicians and registered nurses conducting a trauma evaluation.
Focus
Acute illness and injury
Subdivisions
Pediatric
Pre-hospital
Significant diseases
Trauma
Sepsis
Burn
Acute coronary syndrome
Poisoning
Stroke
Significant tests
Blood test
Blood gas
ECG
Ultrasound
Projection radiography
CT scan
Specialist
Emergency physician
Glossary
Glossary of medicine
Emergency medicine physician
Occupation
Names
Physician
Occupation type
Specialty
Activity sectors
Medicine
Description
Education required
Doctor of Medicine (M.D.)
Doctor of Osteopathic medicine (D.O.)
Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.B.S.)
Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB)
Fields of employment
Hospitals, clinics
SÖHNGEN® aluminum emergency case
Emergency medicine is the medical speciality concerned with the care of illnesses or injuries requiring immediate medical attention. Emergency physicians (often called "ER doctors" in the United States) specialize in providing care for unscheduled and undifferentiated patients of all ages. As first-line providers, in coordination with emergency medical services, they are primarily responsible for initiating resuscitation and stabilization and performing the initial investigations and interventions necessary to diagnose and treat illnesses or injuries in the acute phase. Emergency medical physicians generally practice in hospital emergency departments, pre-hospital settings via emergency medical services, and intensive care units. Still, they may also work in primary care settings such as urgent care clinics.
Sub-specializations of emergency medicine include; disaster medicine, medical toxicology, point-of-care ultrasonography, critical care medicine, emergency medical services, hyperbaric medicine, sports medicine, palliative care, or aerospace medicine.
Various models for emergency medicine exist internationally. In countries following the Anglo-American model, emergency medicine initially consisted of surgeons, general practitioners, and other generalist physicians. However, in recent decades it has become recognised as a speciality in its own right with its training programmes and academic posts, and the speciality is now a popular choice among medical students and newly qualified medical practitioners. By contrast, in countries following the Franco-German model, the speciality does not exist, and emergency medical care is instead provided directly by anesthesiologists (for critical resuscitation), surgeons, specialists in internal medicine, paediatricians, cardiologists or neurologists as appropriate.[1] Emergency medicine is still evolving in developing countries, and international emergency medicine programs offer hope of improving primary emergency care where resources are limited.[2]
^Sakr, M (2000). "Casualty, accident and emergency, or Emergency Medicine, the evolution". Emergency Medicine Journal. 17 (5): 314–9. doi:10.1136/emj.17.5.314. PMC 1725462. PMID 11005398.
^Razzak, J. A.; Kellermann, A. L. (2002). "Emergency medical care in developing countries: Is it worthwhile?". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 80 (11): 900–5. hdl:10665/268657. PMC 2567674. PMID 12481213.
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