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Perchloryl fluoride information


Not to be confused with fluorine perchlorate.
Perchloryl fluoride
Perchloryl fluoride
Perchloryl fluoride
Names
IUPAC name
Perchloryl fluoride
Other names
Chlorine oxyfluoride, Perchlorofluoride, Chlorine fluorine oxide, Trioxychlorofluoride, Perchloric acid fluoride
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 7616-94-6 checkY
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
ChemSpider
  • 22680 checkY
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.660 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 231-526-0
PubChem CID
  • 24258
RTECS number
  • SD1925000
UNII
  • 73NC8XM516 checkY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID60894169 Edit this at Wikidata
InChI
  • InChI=1S/ClFO3/c2-1(3,4)5 checkY
    Key: XHFXMNZYIKFCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/ClFO3/c2-1(3,4)5
    Key: XHFXMNZYIKFCPN-UHFFFAOYAO
SMILES
  • FCl(=O)(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula
 ClO3F
Molar mass 102.4496 g/mol
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor sweet odor
Density 1.434 g/cm3
Melting point −147.8 °C (−234.0 °F; 125.3 K)
Boiling point −46.7 °C (−52.1 °F; 226.5 K)
Critical point (T, P) 95.2 °C (203.4 °F; 368.3 K), 53 standard atmospheres (5,400 kPa; 780 psi)[1]
Solubility in water
 0.06 g/100 ml (20 °C), slow hydrolysis
Vapor pressure 10.5 atm (20 °C)[2]
Viscosity 3.91 x 10−3 Pa.s (@ melting point)
Structure
Molecular shape
 Tetrahedral[3]: 373 
Thermochemistry
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298)
 278.97 J/(mol*K)
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)
 -21.42 kJ/mol [4]: 380 
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 oxidizing, toxic. Non-corrosive.
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxideSpecial hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g. potassium perchlorate
3
0
3
OX
Threshold limit value (TLV)
 3 ppm
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LC50 (median concentration)
 385 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
451 ppm (dog, 4 hr)[5]
LCLo (lowest published)
 2000 ppm (rat, 40 min)
451 ppm (dog, 4 hr)[5]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 3 ppm (13.5 mg/m3)[2]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 3 ppm (14 mg/m3) ST 6 ppm (28 mg/m3)[2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 100 ppm[2]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Infobox references

Perchloryl fluoride[6] is a reactive gas with the chemical formula ClO
3F. It has a characteristic sweet odor[7] that resembles gasoline and kerosene. It is toxic and is a powerful oxidizing and fluorinating agent. It is the acid fluoride of perchloric acid.

In spite of its small enthalpy of formation (ΔfH° = −5.2 kcal/mol (−22 kJ/mol)), it is kinetically stable, decomposing only at 400 °C.[3]: 380  It is quite reactive towards reducing agents and anions, however, with the chlorine atom acting as an electrophile.[3]: 382  It reacts explosively with reducing agents such as metal amides, metals, hydrides, etc.[7] Its hydrolysis in water occurs very slowly, unlike that of chloryl fluoride.

  1. ^ Budavari, Susan, ed. (1989). "7297. Perchloryl Fluoride". The Merck Index — Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, New Jersey: Merck. p. 1231. IA147021.
  2. ^ a b c d NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0490". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference emeleus1976 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Chase, M. W. (2018). "Perchloryl fluoride". NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69. pp. 1–1951.
  5. ^ a b "Perchloryl fluoride". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  6. ^ Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory. "Perchloryl fluoride". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 2009-11-28.
  7. ^ a b Jared Ledgard (2007). The Preparatory Manual of Explosives (3rd ed.). Lulu.com. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-615-14290-6.

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