This article is about a skin blistering disease. For another similar-looking blistering skin disease, see Pemphigoid. For the genus of true bugs, see Pemphigus (bug).
Medical condition
Pemphigus
Pemphigus on the upper body
Specialty
Dermatology
Pemphigus, from 1886 medical bookMicroscopic image of direct immunofluorescence using an anti-IgG antibody. The tissue is skin from a patient with Pemphigus vulgaris. Note the intercellular IgG deposits in the epidermis and the early intraepidermal vesicle caused by acantholysis.
Pemphigus (/ˈpɛmfɪɡəs/ or /pɛmˈfaɪɡəs/) is a rare group of blistering autoimmune diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes.[1] The name is derived from the Greek root pemphix, meaning "blister".[2]
In pemphigus, autoantibodies form against desmoglein, which forms the "glue" that attaches adjacent epidermal cells via attachment points called desmosomes. When autoantibodies attack desmogleins, the cells become separated from each other and the epidermis becomes detached, a phenomenon called acantholysis. This causes blisters that slough off and turn into sores. In some cases, these blisters can cover a large area of the skin.[3]
Originally, the cause of this disease was unknown, and "pemphigus" was used to refer to any blistering disease of the skin and mucosa. In 1964, researchers found that the blood of patients with pemphigus contained antibodies to the layers of skin that separate to form the blisters.[4][5] In 1971, an article investigating the autoimmune nature of this disease was published.[6][7]
^
Yeh SW, Ahmed B, Sami N, Ahmed AR (2003). "Blistering disorders: diagnosis and treatment". Dermatologic Therapy. 16 (3): 214–23. doi:10.1046/j.1529-8019.2003.01631.x. PMID 14510878.
^"Definition of PEMPHIGUS". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2017-03-11.
^International Pemphigus & Pemphigoid Foundation: What is Pemphigus?
^Beutner, EH; Jordon, RE (November 1964). "Demonstration of skin antibodies in sera of pemphigus vulgaris patients by indirect immunofluorescent staining". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 117 (2): 505–510. doi:10.3181/00379727-117-29622. PMID 14233481. S2CID 9443044.
^"Dermatology Foundation: BEUTNER, JORDAN SHARE 2000 DERMATOLOGY FOUNDATION DISCOVERY AWARD". Archived from the original on 2008-05-18. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
^Jordon, Robert E.; Sams Jr., W. Mitchell; Diaz, Gustavo; Beutner, Ernst H. (1971). "Negative Complement Immunofluorescence in Pemphigus". Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 57 (6): 407–410. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12293273. PMID 4108416.
several types of pemphigus (pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, intraepidermal neutrophilic IgA dermatosis, and paraneoplastic pemphigus) vary in severity...
Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare chronic blistering skin disease and the most common form of pemphigus. Pemphigus was derived from the Greek word pemphix...
Pemphigus foliaceus is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin. Pemphigus foliaceus causes a characteristic inflammatory attack at the subcorneal...
Pemphigus herpetiformis is a cutaneous condition, a clinical variant of pemphigus that combines the clinical features of dermatitis herpetiformis with...
Pemphigus vegetans is a localized form of pemphigus vulgaris. in which there is a localized vegetating papillomatous response. The eroded areas do not...
Lichen Planus, pemphigus vulgaris, Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. PNP is most commonly mistaken for pemphigus vulgaris, due to...
IgA pemphigus is a subtype of pemphigus with two distinct forms: Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (also known as Sneddon–Wilkinson disease and pustulosis...
Pemphigus obesinymphae is a species of gall-forming aphid. It creates galls on the leaves of Populus fremontii. The species is the only North American...
Pemphigus erythematosus is simply a localized form of pemphigus foliaceus with features of lupus erythematosus. Pemphigus erythematosus patients typically...
posterior projection on the tip of the abdomen. Pemphigus spyrothecae is included in the genus Pemphigus. The aphid soldier exhibits its first distinguishing...
Pemphigus populitransversus also known as poplar petiole gall aphid or cabbage root aphid, induces galls on the leaves of poplar trees. Adults are 1.6-2...
together, similar to the pathophysiology of the autoimmune skin disease, pemphigus vulgaris.[citation needed] SSSS is a clinical diagnosis. This is sometimes...
diabetes, drug-induced immunosuppression, or systemic diseases such as pemphigus. Paronychia aka "swollen nail" may be divided as occurring suddenly, acute...
In contrast, in Pemphigus, the epithelium tends to disintegrate rather than form a bulla. Nikolsky's sign is present in pemphigus and mucous membrane...
separate. Different types of pemphigus can be identified based on the depth of separation present in the skin. Many forms of pemphigus can be identified in dogs...
Pemphigus betae, also known as the sugarbeet root aphid, is a species of gall-forming aphid that forms galls specifically on the commonly found narrowleaf...
during World War I. He died the following year from the autoimmune disease pemphigus, which he developed while at the Russian front. Various forms of the disease...
greatly. For example, paraneoplastic pemphigus often included infection as a major cause of death. Paraneoplastic pemphigus is one of the three major subtypes...
may indicate linear IgA disease. Nikolsky's sign is negative, unlike pemphigus vulgaris, where it is positive.[citation needed] In most cases of bullous...
alders, elms and oaks.[1] Gall making species include Melaphis rhois and Pemphigus spp. Further minor damage can be caused by the honeydew that woolly aphids...
cells to one another. Desmogleins are targeted in the autoimmune disease pemphigus. Desmoglein proteins are a type of cadherin, which is a transmembrane...
York City, that ran from 1978 to 1982. In 1983, Stein was diagnosed with pemphigus vulgaris, a rare autoimmune disease of the skin. He was cared for by his...
dermatitis with a 7.1 odds ratio. A US case study found a predisposition to pemphigus foliaceus with an odds ratio of 12.3. A UK study looking at exocrine pancreatic...
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