Line dividing the upper two-thirds and the lower third of the anal canal
Not to be confused with Pectineal line (pubis).
Pectinate line
Pectinate line labeled at bottom center.
The interior of the anal cami and lower part of the rectum, showing the columns of Morgagni and the anal valves between their lower ends. (Pectinate line visible but not labeled.)
Details
Identifiers
Latin
linea pectinata, linea anocutanea
TA98
A05.7.05.009
TA2
3015
FMA
29321
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
The pectinate line (dentate line) is a line which divides the upper two-thirds and lower third of the anal canal. Developmentally, this line represents the hindgut-proctodeum junction.
It is an important anatomical landmark in humans, and several distinctions can be made based upon the location of a structure relative to this line:
Distinction
Above pectinate line
Below pectinate line
Lymph drainage
internal iliac[1]
superficial inguinal lymph nodes (below Hilton's white line)
Epithelium
columnar epithelium (as is most of the digestive tract - the line represents the end of the part of the body derived from the hindgut)
stratified squamous epithelium, non-keratinized (until Hilton's white line, where the anal verge becomes continuous with the perianal skin containing keratinized epithelium.)
Embryological origin[2]
endoderm
ectoderm
Artery
superior rectal artery
middle and inferior rectal arteries
Vein
superior rectal vein draining into the inferior mesenteric vein and subsequently the hepatic portal system
middle and inferior rectal veins
Hemorrhoids classification
internal hemorrhoids (not painful)
external hemorrhoids (painful)
Nerves
inferior hypogastric plexus
pudendal nerves
^MD, Tao Le, MD, MHS, Vikas Bhushan, MD, Matthew Sochat, MD (2017). First aid for the USMLE step 1 2017 : a student-to-student guide. ISBN 978-0071831420.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Schoenwolf, Gary C.; Bleyl, Steven B.; Brauer, Philip R.; Francis-West, Philippa H. (2014-12-01). Larsen's Human Embryology. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 372. ISBN 9781455727919.
The pectinateline (dentate line) is a line which divides the upper two-thirds and lower third of the anal canal. Developmentally, this line represents...
Look up pectinate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Pectinate may refer to: Pectinateline, a line which divides the upper two thirds and lower third...
and lower, separated by the pectinateline (also known as the dentate line): upper zone (zona columnaris) mucosa is lined by simple columnar epithelium...
its length by folds called anal valves, which converge at a line known as the pectinateline. This represents the point of transition between the hindgut...
is to the superficial inguinal nodes. The anocutaneous line is slightly below the pectinateline and a landmark for the intermuscular border between internal...
hemorrhoidal plexus and externals from the inferior hemorrhoidal plexus. The pectinateline divides the two regions. Hemorrhoids are typically diagnosed by physical...
of the mouth, gums, lips and the portion of the anal canal below the pectinateline, which are all ectodermal in origin. One of its functions is to keep...
that supplies blood to the lower third of the anal canal below the pectinateline. The inferior rectal artery arises from the internal pudendal artery...
It will form the lower part of the anal canal, below the pectinateline, which will be lined by stratified squamous non-keratinized (zona hemorrhagica)...
the stomach and duodenum, between the ileum and caecum, and at the pectinateline of the anus. The submucosa consists of a dense and irregular layer of...
layer of smooth muscle of the large intestine. It extends from the pectinateline (anorectal junction) proximally to just proximal to the anal orifice...
provided by Andreas Vesalius in 1543. Gastrointestinal tract Murphy drip Pectinateline Rectal prolapse Rectal thermometry Nosek, Thomas M. "Section 6/6ch2/s6ch2_30"...
canal via ducts that open at the anal valves, just proximal to the pectinateline. Humans have 12 anal glands on average (which are evenly distributed...
boundary of an anal sinus. The anal valves demarcate the level of the pectinateline. Sinnatamby, Chummy S. (2011). Last's Anatomy (12th ed.). p. 315....
the internal iliac artery. It is distributed to the rectum above the pectinateline. It anastomoses with the inferior vesical artery, superior rectal artery...
to absorb nutrients from ingested foodstuffs. The epithelial cells which line these villi have microvilli. The transport of nutrients across epithelial...
colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and the anus above the pectinateline. Blood flow to the digestive tract reaches its maximum 20–40 minutes...
It then curves on itself and turns toward the left to reach the middle line at the level of the third piece of the sacrum, where it bends downward and...
on their positioning to an embryological line termed the pectinateline. Hemorrhoids above the pectinateline are considered "internal" and those below...
mesenteric artery and vein), lymphatic vessels and nerve fibers. There is no line of demarcation between the jejunum and the ileum. There are, however, subtle...
drains mostly into the superior rectal vein superior/proximal to the pectinateline, and into the inferior rectal veins (→internal pudendal vein→internal...
duodenum has a mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and adventitia. Glands line the duodenum, known as Brunner's glands, which secrete mucus and bicarbonate...
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