Ignoring or refusing all demands, extreme need for control
Onset
Early childhood
Causes
Anxiety, autism
Treatment
Gentle behavior management
Pathological demand avoidance (PDA) or extreme demand avoidance (EDA) is a proposed disorder, and sub-type of autism spectrum disorder, defined by characteristics such as a demand avoidance—which is a greater-than-typical refusal to comply with requests or expectations—and extreme efforts to avoid social demands.[1][2] Any expectation, even routine activities, such as brushing teeth, or highly desired activities, such as getting ready to leave home to visit a playground, can trigger avoidant behavior.[3] If the demand cannot be avoided, a panic attack or a meltdown may ensue.[4] Depending on an individual's trigger, the intensity of their reactions may differ. Looking at a PDA profile can help determine explanations for the demand avoidance, whether it is internalized or externalized.[5]
^"Demand avoidance". www.autism.org.uk. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
^National Collaborating Centre for Women’s and Children's Health (September 2011). Autism: recognition, referral and diagnosis of children and young people on the autism spectrum(PDF). pp. 235, 286. PMID 22624178.
^Types of avoidant behavior
^Truman, Clare (21 July 2021). "PDA – What do we know so far?". The Teacher's Introduction to Pathological Demand Avoidance: Essential Strategies for the Classroom. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 15–22. ISBN 978-1-78775-488-1.
^PDAadmin. "What is demand avoidance?". PDA Society. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
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