Term describing the decline of social-democratic parties in Europe
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The decline of PASOK's popularity in the 2010s led to the creation of the term Pasokification.
Pasokification is the decline of centre-left social-democratic political parties in European and other Western countries during the 2010s, often accompanied by the rise of nationalist, left-wing and right-wing populist alternatives.[1][2] In Europe, the share of votes for such parties was at its 70-year lowest in 2015.[3]
The term originates from the Greek party PASOK, which saw a declining share of the vote in national elections — from 43.9% in 2009 to 13.2% in May 2012, to 12.3% in June 2012 and 4.7% in 2015 — due to its poor handling of the Greek government-debt crisis and implementation of harsh austerity measures.[4][5] Simultaneously, the left-wing anti-austerity Syriza party saw a growth in vote share and influence.[6] Since PASOK's decline, the term has been applied to similar declines for other social-democratic and Third Way parties.
In the early 2020s, the SPD won the 2021 German federal election, and the Labour Party and PASOK-KINAL performed well in the polls for the 2024 United Kingdom and 2023 Greek elections respectively, leading to discussions about the possibility of "De-Pasokification",[7] "reverse pasokification", "kinalification."[8]
^"Why Labour is obsessed with Greek politics". The Economist. 30 June 2018.
^Henley, Jon. "2017 and the curious demise of Europe's centre-left". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-01-02.
^"Rose thou art sick". The Economist. 2016-04-02. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2020-01-02.
^Gary Younge (22 May 2017). "Jeremy Corbyn has defied his critics to become Labour's best hope of survival". The Guardian.
^Mark Lowen (5 April 2013). "How Greece's once-mighty Pasok party fell from grace". BBC News. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
^"Rose thou art sick". The Economist. 2 April 2016.
^Karakullukcu, Deniz (3 February 2023). "Depasokifikasyon: Yunanistan'da sosyal demokratlar geri mi dönüyor?". Independent Türkçe. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
^Karampelas, Polychronis (10 January 2022). "Is Kinalification a Thing? The Hope of a Post-Pasokification Comeback". Europe Elects. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
Pasokification is the decline of centre-left social-democratic political parties in European and other Western countries during the 2010s, often accompanied...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
popular vote) in the January 2015 election. This decline became known as Pasokification. To halt the party's decline, Fofi Gennimata was elected as the new...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
electoral base in the early 21st century. This phenomenon is known as Pasokification from the Greek party PASOK, which saw a declining share of the vote...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
who rejected the Third Way, after the economic recession caused the Pasokification of many social democratic parties. The United Nations World Happiness...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Third Way had largely fallen out of favour in a phenomenon known as Pasokification. Scholars have linked the decline of social democratic parties to the...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
movements was the decline of traditional political parties. In Europe, pasokification described the loss of vote share experienced by traditional centre-left...
example includes Pasokification in Greece. This is the trend from a shift from the center-left to a more far-left stance. Pasokification was caused by the...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
Presidium Elections Nationality law Parataxis Parliamentary constituencies Pasokification Political parties Judicial system Council of State Court of Audit Supreme...
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