"Parkinson's syndrome" redirects here. Not to be confused with Parkinson's disease.
Medical condition
Parkinsonism
Specialty
Neurology
Causes
Parkinson's disease
Dementia with Lewy bodies
Parkinson's disease dementia
Other neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration
Drugs
Toxins
Metabolic disease
Dural arteriovenous fistula
Dural arteriovenous malformation
Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized by tremor, bradykinesia (slowed movements), rigidity, and postural instability.[1][2] Both hypokinetic (bradykinesia and akinesia) as well as hyperkinetic (cogwheel rigidity and tremors at rest) features are displayed by Parkinsonism.[3]These are the four motor symptoms found in Parkinson's disease (PD) – after which it is named – dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), and many other conditions. This set of symptoms occurs in a wide range of conditions and may have many causes, including neurodegenerative conditions, drugs, toxins, metabolic diseases, and neurological conditions other than PD.[4]
^Aminoff MJ, Greenberg DA, Simon RP (2005). "Chapter 7: Movement disorders". Clinical Neurology (6th ed.). Lange: McGraw-Hill Medical. pp. 241–45. ISBN 978-0-07-142360-1.
^Ogawa T, Fujii S, Kuya K, Kitao SI, Shinohara Y, Ishibashi M, et al. (September 2018). "Role of neuroimaging on differentiation of Parkinson's disease and its related diseases". Yonago Acta Med (Review). 61 (3): 145–55. doi:10.33160/yam.2018.09.001. PMC 6158357. PMID 30275744. Parkinsonian syndromes are a group of movement disorders characterized by classical motor symptoms such as tremors, bradykinesia, and rigidity. They are most frequently due to primary neurodegenerative disease, resulting in the loss of dopaminergic nerve terminals along the nigrostriatal pathway, similar to idiopathic PD, MSA, PSP, CBD, and DLB.
^Cite error: The named reference Ganog was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Christine CW, Aminoff MJ (September 2004). "Clinical differentiation of parkinsonian syndromes: prognostic and therapeutic relevance". The American Journal of Medicine. 117 (6): 412–9. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.03.032. PMID 15380498.
drug-induced parkinsonism increases with age. Drug-induced parkinsonism tends to remain at its presenting level and does not worsen like Parkinson's disease...
central nervous system Parkinsonism, also known as Parkinson's syndrome, atypical Parkinson's, or secondary Parkinson'sParkinson's Law, the adage "Work...
Cecil Edward Parkinson, Baron Parkinson, PC (1 September 1931 – 22 January 2016) was a British Conservative Party politician and cabinet minister. A chartered...
et al. (Arizona Parkinson's Disease Consortium) (May 2014). "Concomitant pathologies among a spectrum of parkinsonian disorders". Parkinsonism & Related Disorders...
Katherine Parkinson (1977 or 1978) is an English actress and comedian. She appeared in Channel 4's The IT Crowd comedy series as Jen Barber, for which...
the Na+ -K+ pump (ATP1A3 gene) can cause rapid onset dystonia parkinsonism. The parkinsonism aspect of this disease may be attributable to malfunctioning...
Philip John Parkinson (born 1 December 1967) is an English professional football manager and former player who played as a midfielder. He is currently...
Kenneth Wells Parkinson (September 13, 1927 – October 5, 2016) was an American lawyer. He was counsel to the Committee to Re-elect the President that...
Mary Agnes, Lady Parkinson (née Heneghan; born 16 July 1936) is a British former journalist and television presenter who was married to fellow broadcaster...
Ben Parkinson may refer to: Ben Parkinson (British soldier) (born 1984), English paratrooper, veterans' campaigner and author Ben Parkinson (footballer)...
Sarah Jane Parkinson (6 June 1962 – 23 September 2003) was an English producer and writer of radio and television programmes, as well as an occasional...
Louise Parkinson (born 11 March 1992) is an English actress, known for her role as Sian Powers on the ITV soap opera Coronation Street. Parkinson was educated...
akathisia. 17 of 100 new parkinsonism cases are linked to administration of either cinnarizine or flunarizine. Drug induced parkinsonism is the second leading...
Sir Michael Parkinson CBE (28 March 1935 – 16 August 2023) was an English television presenter, broadcaster, journalist and author. He presented his television...
may have excluded people with only mild or no parkinsonism, while the French study screened for parkinsonism. Neither of the studies assessed systematically...
Crompton Parkinson was a British electrical manufacturing company. It was formed in 1927 by the merger of Crompton & Co. with F. & A. Parkinson Ltd. The...
Bradford Parkinson (born February 16, 1935) is an American engineer and inventor, retired United States Air Force Colonel and Emeritus Professor at Stanford...
Stephen Parkinson may refer to: Stephen Parkinson (mathematician) (1823–1889), British mathematician and academic Stephen Parkinson (lawyer) (born 1957)...
Andrew Parkinson may refer to: Andrew Parkinson (basketball) (born 1967), Australian basketball player Andrew Parkinson (soccer) (born 1959), South African-American...
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