Overview of the history of the persecution of Shia Alevis by the Ottoman Empire
This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article.(November 2016)
Part of a series on Nizari-Ismāʿīli Batiniyya, Hurufiyya, Kaysanites and Twelver Shī‘ism
Alevism
Beliefs
Allah
Quran
Haqq–Muhammad–Ali
Prophet Muḥammad ibn `Abd Allāh
Muhammad-Ali
Islamic prophet
Zahir
Batin
Buyruks
Tariqat
Haqiqa
Marifat
Wahdat al-wujud
Wahdat al-mawjud
Baqaa
Fana
Hal
Ihsan
Kashf
Nafs
Keramat
Al-Insān al-Kāmil
Lataif
Four Doors
Manzil
Nûr
Sulook
Yaqeen
Poetry
Cosmology
Philosophy
Psychology
Practices
Zakat
Zeyārat
Taqiyya
Ashura
Hıdırellez
Nowruz
Saya
Mawlid
Music
Düşkünlük Meydanı
Fasting
Müsahiplik
The Twelve Imams
Ali
Hasan
Husayn
al-Abidin
al-Baqir
al-Sadiq
al-Kazim
ar-Rida
al-Taqi
al-Naqi
al-Askari
al-Mahdi
Leadership
Dede
Murshid
Pir
Rehber
Babas
Dergah
Jem
Cemevi
Crucial figures and influences
Khadija bint Khuwaylid
Fatimah
Khidr
Salman the Persian
Uwais al-Qarani
Jābir ibn Hayyān
Dhul-Nun al-Misri
Bayazid Bastami
Ibn al-Rawandi
Mansur Al-Hallaj
Nasir Khusraw
Abu al-Hassan al-Kharaqani
Yusuf Hamdani
Khoja Akhmet Yassawi
Abdul-Qadir Gilani
Ahmed ar-Rifa'i
Ibn Arabi
Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar
Ahi Evren
Haji Bektash Veli
Rumi
Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi
Zahed Gilani
Sari Saltik
Yunus Emre
Safi-ad-din Ardabili
Nāimī
Sadr al-Dīn Mūsā
Imadaddin Nasimi
Shah Nimatullah Wali
Shaykh Junayd
Shaykh Haydar
Ali Mirza Safavi
Ismail I
Nur-Ali Khalifa
Kaygusuz Abdal
Otman Baba
Balım Sultan
Gül Baba
Fuzûlî
Alians
Demir Baba Teke
Arabati Baba Teḱe
Pir Sultan Abdal
Kul Nesîmî
Sheikh Bedreddin
Börklüce Mustafa
Torlak Kemal
Alevi history
Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam
Shia in Persia before Safavids
Shiism in Persia after Safavids
Umayyad Caliphate
Abu Muslim
Sunpadh
Al-Muqanna
Ishaq al-Turk
Abbasid Caliphate
Babak Khorramdin
Maziar
Kaykhusraw II
Babai revolt
Baba Ishak
Celali rebellions
Bayezid II
Persecution of Alevis
Baba Zünnun Rebellion
Kalender Çelebi rebellion
Nur Ali Halife rebellion
Şahkulu Rebellion
Şahkulu
Battle of Chaldiran
Selim I
Abaza rebellion
Kuyucu Murad Pasha
Auspicious Incident
Mahmud II
Koçgiri Rebellion
Dersim Rebellion
Seyid Riza
Maraş Massacre
Çorum Massacre
Sivas Massacre
Gazi Quarter riots
Related Muslim Ṭarīqah
Malamatiyya
Qalandariyya
Qadiriyya
Akbari Sufis
Rifa'i
Uwaisi
Naqshbandi
Mevlevi Order
Zahediyeh
Safaviyya
Qizilbash
Khalwati order
Bayramiye
Jelveti
Babai Revolt
Hurufism
Nuqtavi
Chepni people
Jelali revolts
Ni'matullāhī
Arabati Baba Teḱe
Javad Nurbakhsh
Galibi Order
Other influential groups
Isma'ilism
Nizari
Alawites
Druze
Khurramites
Bábism
Baháʼí Faith
Yazdanī
Yarsanism
Yazidi
Yazidis in Armenia
Sabians
Ishikism
Gnosticism
Nabataeans
Zoroaster
Zoroastrianism
Mazdak
Zurvanism
Mandaeism
Manichaeism
Shamanism
Tengrism
Panentheism
Islam portal
v
t
e
Freedom of religion
Concepts
Laicism
Religious discrimination
Religious censorship
Religious liberty
Religious pluralism
Secularism
Separation of church and state
Anti-clericalism
School prayer
Catholic priests in public office
Confessionalism
Theocracy
State religion
Secular state
Confessional state
Atheist state
Status by country
Africa
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Central African Republic
Chad
Comoros
DR Congo
Egypt
Mauritania
Morocco
South Africa
Sudan
Tanzania
North and South America
Brazil
Canada
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Panama
Paraguay
United States
Asia
Afghanistan
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Brunei
Cambodia
China
Cyprus
Northern Cyprus
Georgia
India
Indonesia
Japan
Kazakhstan
Laos
Malaysia
Maldives
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
North Korea
Pakistan
Philippines
Russia
Singapore
South Korea
Sri Lanka
Taiwan
Tajikistan
Thailand
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Europe
Albania
Andorra
Armenia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Northern Cyprus
France
Georgia
Germany
Hungary
Italy
Montenegro
North Macedonia
Norway
Romania
Russia
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Middle East
Bahrain
Egypt
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Palestinian territories
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
UAE
Yemen
Oceania
Australia
Topical
Apostasy in Islam by country
Blasphemy laws by country
Female genital mutilation laws by country
Legal aspects of ritual slaughter
Religious male circumcision
Religious persecution
Traditional African religions
Atheism
Baháʼí Faith
Buddhism
Christianity
Christophobia
post–Cold War era
Catholicism
Catholic Church
Mormonism
Jehovah's Witness
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
Oriental Orthodox Christianity
Protestantism
Falun Gong
Hinduism (Hinduphobia)
Islam
Sunni
Shi'a
Ahmadiyya
Alevism
Sufis
Islamophobia
Judaism
Antisemitism
Anti-Judaism
Religious antisemitism
New religious movements
Christian countercult movement
Neopaganism
Rastafari
Zoroastrianism
Religion portal
v
t
e
The Ottoman persecution of Alevis is best known in connection with the Ottoman sultan Selim I's reign (1512–1520) and his war against the Safavids in 1514. But there are examples that indicate that there already existed problems with Alevi groups in the Ottoman Empire since the 14th century, The Alevis were generally persecuted for sympathizing in the negative role of Safavids.
and 28 Related for: Ottoman persecution of Alevis information
The OttomanpersecutionofAlevis is best known in connection with the Ottoman sultan Selim I's reign (1512–1520) and his war against the Safavids in 1514...
Hajji Bektash and other lore. The Alevi beliefs among Turkish Alevis and Kurdish Alevis diverge as Kurdish Alevis put more emphasis on Pir Sultan Abdal...
intermingled as Alevis in spite of many local variations. Isolated from both the Sunni Ottomans and the Twelver Shi`a Safavids, Alevis developed traditions...
rulings. The Ottoman Empire had a wide variety of Islamic sects, including Druze, Ismailis, Alevis, and Alawites. Sufism, a diverse body of Islamic mysticism...
The choice of name led to protests by Turkey's Alevi community because of Sultan Selim I's alleged role in the OttomanpersecutionofAlevis. After the...
Persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual or group by another individual or group. The most common forms are religious persecution, racism...
Taifa Pre-Modern era Ottoman Empire Islam in the Ottoman Empire Millet Devshirme OttomanpersecutionofAlevis Slavery in the Ottoman Empire Timurid Empire...
Persian Empire against the Ottoman Empire[citation needed] and forty thousand Alevis were killed in 1514 by Ottomans. The Qizilbash of Anatolia found themselves...
systematic destruction of the Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Spearheaded by the ruling Committee of Union and Progress...
the Ottoman Empire, Yazidis historically have lived peacefully in proximity with their Sunni neighbours. In modern times, Yazidis face persecution by the...
invade with a force of 200,000 Ottomans. In addition, he ordered the persecutionofAlevis and massacred its adherents in the Ottoman Empire. On 20 August...
Africa over the course of several centuries. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, persecutionof Muslims during the Ottoman contraction and in the Russian...
Religious persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual or a group of individuals as a response to their religious beliefs or affiliations...
He is also referred to as the "Sultan of Hearts" and the "Dervish of the Dervishes". He is revered among Alevis for an Islamic understanding that is esoteric...
the Alevi-Bektaşi Federation states that there are around 25 million. According to Aksiyon magazine, the number of Twelver Shias (excluding Alevis) is...
of Sunni Islam (about 90% of overall Muslim denominations). The remaining Muslim sects, forming about 9% of the Muslim population, consist ofAlevis,...
region of Tunceli, previously known as Dersim and populated by Kurdish Alevis. This area had a reputation for being rebellious, having been the scene of eleven...
Kurds from the Kurd Dagh to Aleppo. In the 1930s, Kurdish Alevis who fled the persecutionof the Turkish Army during the Dersim Massacre, settled in Mabeta...
confusion with the ethnic Turkish and Kurdish Alevis, the Alawites call themselves Arap Alevileri ("Arab Alevis") in Turkish. The term Nusayrī, previously...
against them as apostates. The Ottoman Empire often relied on Ibn Taymiyya’s religious ruling to justify their persecutionof Druze. In contrast, according...
connection between the Luvians and Alevis. The Ishik Alevis have been likened to the Kurdish Yezidis, as part of a wider monotheistic tradition called...
to the Alevis and along with Alevis are surviving examples of pre-Sunni Islam because the Alians are believed to be descendants of a member of the Banu...
and Alevis must also generally adhere to the rules put forth in them. Ayfer, Karakaya-Stump Ayfer (10 January 2020). Kizilbash-Alevis in Ottoman Anatolia:...
pillars of Islam. The Druze have frequently experienced persecution by different Muslim regimes such as the Shia Fatimid Caliphate, Sunni Ottoman Empire...
across the Ottoman Empire, including in regions now part of Turkey. By the end of the sixteenth century, the Jewish population in the Ottoman Empire was...
trends Groups of nomadic and semi-nomadic itinerants found mainly in central and western Anatolia. They speak an argot of their own and are Alevis. Afghans...
among Ottoman-era Greek Muslim communities. The term “Alevi-Bektashi” is currently a widely and frequently used expression in the religious discourse of Turkey...
religion and freely organize. In 1514, the Ottoman sultan Selim I (1512–1520) ordered the massacre of 40,000 Alevis and Bektashi (Anatolian Shia Muslims)....