Osteolepiformes information

Osteolepiformes Temporal range: 396–299 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Middle Devonian to Late Carboniferous
	Osteolepis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Sarcopterygii
Clade:	Tetrapodomorpha
Order:	†Osteolepiformes; Berg, 1937
Groups included
	See text
Cladistically included but traditionally excluded taxa
	Elpistostegalia;

Osteolepiformes, also known as Osteolepidida, is a group of prehistoric lobe-finned fishes which first appeared during the Devonian period. The order contains the families Canowindridae, Megalichthyidae, Osteolepididae and Tristichopteridae, in addition to several monotypic families. The order is generally considered to be paraphyletic because the characters that define it are mainly attributes of stem tetrapodomorphs.^[1]

The following taxonomy is based on Borgen & Nakrem, 2016:^[2]

Order †Osteolepiformes
- Suborder †Osteolepidoidei
  - Family †Osteolepididae
  - Family †Thursiidae
  - Family †Megalichthyidae
- Suborder †Cyclolepidoidei
  - Superfamily †Eopodoidea
    - Family †Chrysolepididae
    - Family †Gyroptychiidae
    - Family Panderichthyidae (incl. Elpistostegalia)
    - Family †Tristichopteridae
  - Superfamily †Parapodoidea
    - Family †Canowindridae
    - Family †Medoevididae
  - Superfamily †Rhizodontoidea

Below is a cladogram showing the paraphyly of Osteolepiformes compiled and modified from Ahlberg and Johanson (1998).^[1] See also Swartz (2012).^[3] Osteolepiformes is marked by the green bracket.

Tetrapodomorpha

Kenichthys

Rhizodontida

	Barameda

	Gooloogongia

	Gogonasus

	Osteolepis

	Megalichthys

	Cladarosymblema

Ectosteorhachis

Medoevia

	Koharolepis

	Canowindra

Beelarongia

Gyroptychius

Tristichopteridae

	Eusthenodon

	Mandageria

Cabonnichthys

Platycephalichthys

Jarvikina

Eusthenopteron

Tristichopterus

Panderichthys

Tetrapoda

	Acanthostega

	Ichthyostega

Osteolepiformes

^ ^a ^b Ahlberg, P. E.; Johanson, Z. (1998). "Osteolepiforms and the ancestry of tetrapods" (PDF). Nature. 395 (6704): 792–794. Bibcode:1998Natur.395..792A. doi:10.1038/27421. S2CID 4430783. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-11-24. Retrieved 2013-11-25.
^ Borgen, Ulf J.; Nakrem, Hans A. (2016). Morphology, phylogeny and taxonomy of osteolepiform fish. Fossils and Strata. Vol. 61. Wiley-Blackwell. doi:10.1002/9781119286448.ch1. ISBN 978-1-119-28643-1.
^ Swartz, B. (2012). "A marine stem-tetrapod from the Devonian of Western North America". PLOS ONE. 7 (3): e33683. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...733683S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033683. PMC 3308997. PMID 22448265.

[AJ98-1] Ahlberg, P. E.; Johanson, Z. (1998). "Osteolepiforms and the ancestry of tetrapods" (PDF). Nature. 395 (6704): 792–794. Bibcode:1998Natur.395..792A. doi:10.1038/27421. S2CID 4430783. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-11-24. Retrieved 2013-11-25.

[2] Borgen, Ulf J.; Nakrem, Hans A. (2016). Morphology, phylogeny and taxonomy of osteolepiform fish. Fossils and Strata. Vol. 61. Wiley-Blackwell. doi:10.1002/9781119286448.ch1. ISBN 978-1-119-28643-1.

[SB12-3] Swartz, B. (2012). "A marine stem-tetrapod from the Devonian of Western North America". PLOS ONE. 7 (3): e33683. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...733683S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033683. PMC 3308997. PMID 22448265.

Osteolepiformes information

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