Temporal range: late Middle Devonian (Givetian) - Pennsylvanian
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A fossil of Sauripterus taylori
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Clade:
Sarcopterygii
Clade:
Tetrapodomorpha
Class:
†Rhizodontida
Order:
†Rhizodontiformes Andrews & Westoll, 1970
Genera
†Archichthys Hancock & Athey, 1870
†Aztecia Johanson & Ahlberg, 2001
†Barameda Long, 1989
†Gooloogongia Johanson & Ahlberg, 1998
†Hongyu? Zhu et al., 2017
†Letognathus Brazeau, 2005
†Propycnotenion Vorobyeva & Obrucheva, 1977
†Pycnoctenion Vorobeva, 1977
†Rhizodus Owen, 1840
†Rossichthys Johanson et al., 2020[1]
†Sauripterus Hall, 1843
†Screbinodus Andrews, 1985
†Strepsodus Huxley, 1865
†Thysanolepis? Vorobyeva, 1977[2]
†Vorovjevaia? Young et al., 1992[2]
Rhizodontida is an extinct group of predatory tetrapodomorphs[3] known from many areas of the world from the Givetian through to the Pennsylvanian - the earliest known species is about 377 million years ago (Mya), the latest around 310 Mya. Rhizodonts lived in tropical rivers and freshwater lakes and were the dominant predators of their age. They reached huge sizes - the largest known species, Rhizodus hibberti from Europe and North America, was an estimated 7 m in length, making it the largest freshwater fish known.
^Johanson, Z.; Jeffery, J.; Challands, T.; E. Pierce, S.; Clack, J. A. (2020). "A New Look at Carboniferous Rhizodontid Humeri (Sarcopterygii; Tetrapodomorpha)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 40 (3): e1813150. Bibcode:2020JVPal..40E3150J. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1813150. S2CID 227241079.
^ abCoates, M. I.; Friedman, M. (2010). "Litoptychus bryanti and characteristics of stem tetrapod neurocrania". Morphology, Phylogeny and Paleobiogeography of Fossil Fishes: 389–416.
^Clack, Jennifer A. (2012). Gaining Ground: The Origin and Evolution of Tetrapods. Indiana University Press. p. 75. ISBN 978-0-253-35675-8. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
Rhizodontida is an extinct group of predatory tetrapodomorphs known from many areas of the world from the Givetian through to the Pennsylvanian - the earliest...
Swartz, 2012. Subclass Sarcopterygii Infraclass Tetrapodomorpha Order †Rhizodontida Family †Sauripteridae Family †Rhizodontidae Superorder †Osteolepidida...
contains modern tetrapods and their extinct relatives). It belonged to Rhizodontida, one of the earliest-diverging tetrapodomorph clades. Two valid species...
(2000). "First East Gondwanan record of Strepsodus (Sarcopterygii, Rhizodontida) from the Lower Carboniferous Ducabrook Formation, central Queensland...
Katherine; Garvey, Jillian (2007-06-12). "A new species of Barameda (Rhizodontida) and heterochrony in the rhizodontid pectoral fin". Journal of Vertebrate...
not found in the genera Rhizodus and Strepsodus. The members of the Rhizodontida have nearly all had complex taxonomic histories due to earlier use of...
lobe-finned fish. About 1.5 m in length, it resembles both Elpistostegalia and Rhizodontida, making its phylogenetic placement uncertain. The type specimen was discovered...