For the class of drugs, see Opioid. For other uses, see Opiate (disambiguation).
Harvesting the poppy pod.A chart outlining the structural features that define opiates and opioids, including distinctions between semi-synthetic and fully synthetic opiate structures
An opiate is an alkaloid substance derived from opium (or poppy straw).[1] It differs from the similar term opioid in that the latter is used to designate all substances, both natural and synthetic, that bind to opioid receptors in the brain (including antagonists).[2] Opiates are alkaloid compounds naturally found in the opium poppy plant Papaver somniferum.[3]
The psychoactive compounds found in the opium plant include morphine, codeine, and thebaine. Opiates have long been used for a variety of medical conditions, with evidence of opiate trade and use for pain relief as early as the eighth century AD.[4] Most opiates are considered drugs with moderate to high abuse potential and are listed on various "Substance-Control Schedules" under the Uniform Controlled Substances Act of the United States of America.
In 2014, between 13 and 20 million people used opioids recreationally (0.3% to 0.4% of the global population between the ages of 15 and 65).[5] According to the CDC, from this population, there were 47,000 deaths, with a total of 500,000 deaths from 2000 to 2014.[6] In 2016, the World Health Organization reported that 27 million people suffer from opioid use disorder. They also reported that in 2015, 450,000 people died as a result of drug use, with between a third and a half of that number being attributed to opioids.[7]
^"Definition of OPIOID". www.merriam-webster.com. 2023-11-06. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
^Hemmings, Hugh C.; Egan, Talmage D. (2014). Pharmacology and Physiology for Anesthesia: Foundations and Clinical Application: Expert Consult - Online and Print. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 253. ISBN 978-1437716795. Opiate is the older term classically used in pharmacology to mean a drug derived from opium. It has been used in the past to refer to drugs with opium-like effects, but that use is dated. Opioid, a more modern term, is used to designate all substances, both natural and synthetic, that bind to opioid receptors (including antagonists).
^
"Opiate - Definitions from Dictionary.com". dictionary.reference.com. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
^Brownstein, M J (1993-06-15). "A brief history of opiates, opioid peptides, and opioid receptors". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (12): 5391–5393. Bibcode:1993PNAS...90.5391B. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.12.5391. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 46725. PMID 8390660.
^"Status and Trend Analysis of Illict [sic] Drug Markets" (PDF). World Drug Report 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
An opiate is an alkaloid substance derived from opium (or poppy straw). It differs from the similar term opioid in that the latter is used to designate...
opioid receptors to produce morphine-like effects. The terms 'opioid' and 'opiate' are sometimes used interchangeably, but there are key differences based...
self-medication. Scoring systems have been derived to assess the likelihood of opiate addiction in chronic pain patients. Healthcare practitioners have long been...
a list of countries (and some territories) by the annual prevalence of opiates use as percentage of the population aged 15–64 (unless otherwise indicated)...
Tool re-released the song "Opiate" as a single titled "Opiate²". This was a re-recorded version of "Opiate", as the Opiate EP turned 30 years old that...
ist das Opium des Volkes" and is often rendered as "religion [...] is the opiate of the masses." The full sentence from Marx translates (including italics)...
In 1974 Antelman published Volume One of a book titled To Eliminate the Opiate. It has been called "the first well-presented history of the conspiratorial...
Opiate Sun is the fifth EP and tenth overall release by Jesu. It was released in America through Mark Kozelek's Caldo Verde label on 27 October 2009. Kozelek...
symptoms of opiate withdrawal, there is increasing evidence that gabapentinoids are effective in controlling some of the symptoms during opiate detoxification...
with opioid dependence, less than 10% of affected individuals receive it. Opiate overdose symptoms and signs can be referred to as the "opioid toxidrome...
were likely to be multiple such sites. Early studies had indicated that opiates appeared to accumulate in the brain. The receptors were first identified...
The apparently serendipitous finding of an opiate alkaloid-sensitive, opioid peptide-insensitive, µ3 opiate receptor subtype expressed by invertebrate...
Opiate for the Masses was an American rock band from Los Angeles, California in 1999. Opiate for the Masses was founded in 1999 by singer Ron Underwood...
Opioid peptides or opiate peptides are peptides that bind to opioid receptors in the brain; opiates and opioids mimic the effect of these peptides. Such...
for the illegal drug trade. The latex also contains the closely related opiates codeine and thebaine, and non-analgesic alkaloids such as papaverine and...
him, he moved north to Los Angeles. Dreamland: The True Tale of America's Opiate Epidemic (Bloomsbury Press, 2015) is story of the evolving opioid epidemic...
[citation needed] In contrast to direct opiate agonists, which elicit opiate withdrawal symptoms when discontinued in opiate-tolerant people, no evidence indicates...
results in an attenuation of the analgesic and anti-allodynic effects of opiates; this mechanism inhibits the action of endogenous opioids as well, resulting...
treated with naloxone. An estimated 17 million people as of 2015[update] use opiates, of which heroin is the most common, and opioid use resulted in 122,000...
amount of morphine. Oxycodone was originally produced from the opium poppy opiate alkaloid thebaine in 1916. It was first used medically in Germany in 1917...
deaths attributed either in part or in whole to the class of drugs called opiates/opioids since the 1990s. It includes the significant medical, social, psychological...
of the songs were heavily inspired by the writings of Janov. "Ideas as Opiates" was named after a chapter in his 1980 book "Prisoners of Pain", which...
demo 72826 in 1991, which credited all four band members for songwriting. Opiate was issued the following year, which featured re-recorded versions of 72826...
Morphine, formerly also called morphia, is a strong opiate that is found naturally in opium, a dark brown resin produced by drying the latex of opium poppies...
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