Temporal range: Middle Jurassic – Holocene,[1] 170–0 Ma
PreꞒ
Ꞓ
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
Coast garter snake, Thamnophis elegans terrestris
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Reptilia
Order:
Squamata
Clade:
Toxicofera
Clade:
Ophidia Latreille, 1804
Subgroups
†Coniophis
†Diablophis?
†Portugalophis?
†Dinilysia
†Eophis?
†Eupodophis?
†Najash
†Parviraptor?
†Lapparentophiidae
†Madtsoiidae?
†Pachyophiidae
Serpentes
Ophidia/oʊˈfɪdiə/ (also known as Pan-Serpentes[2]) is a group of squamate reptiles including modern snakes and reptiles more closely related to snakes than to other living groups of lizards.
Ophidia was defined as the "most recent common ancestor of Pachyrhachis and Serpentes (modern snakes), and all its descendants" by Lee and Caldwell (1998: 1551).[3] The latter author has used Ophidia in a manner inconsistent with this definition, using it to incorporate other more basal stem-snakes, such as the Late Cretaceous Najash rionegrina or the Jurassic Diablophis and Portugalophis[citation needed].
The clade name Ophidia derives from the Ancient Greek word ὀφίδιον (ophídion), meaning "small snake".[4][5]
^Cite error: The named reference oldest_snakes was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Hsiang, A. Y.; Field, D. J.; Webster, T. H.; Behlke, A. D.; Davis, M. B.; Racicot, R. A.; Gauthier, J. A. (2015). "The origin of snakes: Revealing the ecology, behavior, and evolutionary history of early snakes using genomics, phenomics, and the fossil record". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 15: 87. doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0358-5. PMC 4438441. PMID 25989795.
^Lee, M. S. Y. (29 October 1998). "Anatomy and relationships of Pachyrhachis problematicus, a primitive snake with hindlimbs". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 353 (1375): 1521–1552. doi:10.1098/rstb.1998.0308. PMC 1692386.
^Bailly, Anatole (1981-01-01). Abrégé du dictionnaire grec français. Paris: Hachette. ISBN 978-2010035289. OCLC 461974285.
^Bailly, Anatole. "Greek-french dictionary online". www.tabularium.be. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
Ophidia /oʊˈfɪdiə/ (also known as Pan-Serpentes) is a group of squamate reptiles including modern snakes and reptiles more closely related to snakes than...
Parectopa ophidias is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from South Australia. Australian Faunal Directory Global Taxonomic Database of Gracillariidae...
paraphyletic stem group outside Serpentes and within a more inclusive Ophidia. Madtsoiid snakes ranged in size from less than 1 metre (3.3 ft) (estimated...
Caenophidia. Henophidia comes from the Greek heno- meaning one or former and ophidia meaning serpent, so former/older snakes (in contrast to Caenophidia, i...
Nilson G, Rastegar-Pouyani N (2007). "Walterinnesia aegyptia Lataste, 1887 (Ophidia: Elapidae) and the status of Naja morgani Mocquard, 1905". Russian Journal...
three suborders: Lacertilia, the lizards Serpentes, the snakes (see also Ophidia) Amphisbaenia, the worm lizards Of these, the lizards form a paraphyletic...
Ascaridae) from the White-lipped Island Pitviper, Trimeresurus insularis (Ophidia: Viperidae), from Wetar Island, Indonesia". Comparative Parasitology. 86...
Vasuki is an extinct genus of madtsoiid snake from the Middle Eocene Naredi Formation of India. The genus contains a single species, V. indicus, known...
(2): 307–336 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library. Wall, Frank (1921). Ophidia Taprobanica or the Snakes of Ceylon. Ceylon: H. R. Cottle, Government Printer...
Ophidian may refer to: Ophidian, a reptile of the suborder Ophidia (or Serpentes); a snake Ophidian (wrestler), a professional wrestler Ophidian (Dungeons...
Rastegar-Pouyani, Nasrullah (2007). "Walterinnesia aegyptia Lataste, 1887 (Ophidia: Elapidae) and the status of Naja morgani Mocquard 1905". Russian Journal...
Rosenman D, Sivan N. 1991. Systematics and Zoogeography of Cerastes (Ophidia: Viperidae) in the Levant: 1. Distinguishing Arabian from African "Cerastes...
"Integrative Taxonomy Reveals a New Cryptic Species of Xenopeltis Gray, 1831 (Ophidia: Macrostomata: Pythonoidea: Xenopeltidae) from Central Highlands, Vietnam"...
(2004). "A new species of saw‐scaled viper of the Echis coloratus complex (Ophidia: Viperidae) from Oman, Eastern Arabia". Systematics and Biodiversity. 1...
Nelly (1917). The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Vol. II. Ophidia with 117 illustrations. Brill Archive. pp. 44–45. Retrieved 16 August 2013...
Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae. 10th Edition: 204 pp. Wall, Frank. 1921. Ophidia Taprobanica or the Snakes of Ceylon. Colombo Museum. (H.R. Cottle, government...
has been considered by some authors to be one of the oldest members of Ophidia (snakes and their extinct relatives). However, this classification has...
2008-10-20. Hoser, R. (2000a) A revision of the Australasian pythons. Ophidia Review 1(1): 7-27. Wüster, W.; B. Bush; J.S. Keogh; M. O'Shea & R. Shine...
Nelly de (1915). The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. II. Ophidia. Leiden: E.J. Brill Ltd. xiv + 334 pp. (Dipsadomorphus dendrophilus, pp...
2113/gssgfbull.183.1.7. Alessandro Palci (2014). On the Origin and Evolution of the Ophidia (PDF) (PhD). University of Alberta. doi:10.7939/R3NG4H314. Charles Lewis...
Nikolsky, A.M. 1916. Fauna of Russia and adjacent countries. Volume II: Ophidia. Petrograd: Translation from the Israel Program for Scientific Translations...
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