Temporal range: Early Cenomanian-Late Pleistocene ~98–0.012 Ma
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Fossil specimen of Madtsoia bai
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Reptilia
Order:
Squamata
Clade:
Ophidia
Family:
†Madtsoiidae Hoffstetter, 1961
Genera
†Adinophis
†Alamitophis
†Eomadtsoia
†Gigantophis
†Herensugea
†Madtsoia
†Menarana
†Nanowana
†Nidophis
†Patagoniophis
†Platyspondylophis
†Powellophis
†Rionegrophis
†Sanajeh
†Vasuki
†Wonambi
†Yurlunggur
Madtsoiidae is an extinct family of mostly Gondwanan snakes with a fossil record extending from early Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) to late Pleistocene strata located in South America, Africa, India, Australia and Southern Europe. Madtsoiidae include very primitive snakes, which like extant boas and pythons would likely dispatch their prey by constriction. Genera include some of the longest snakes known such as Vasuki, measuring at least 11–15 metres (36–49 ft) long, and the Australian Wonambi and Yurlunggur.[1] As a grouping of basal forms the composition and even the validity of Madtsoiidae is in a state of flux as new pertinent finds are described, with more recent evidence suggesting that it is paraphyletic as previously defined.[2]
Although madtsoiids persisted on Australia until the Pleistocene, they largely went extinct elsewhere during the Eocene. However, some species persisted in South America and India through the Oligocene.[3]
^Datta, Debajit; Bajpai, Sunil (2024-04-18). "Largest known madtsoiid snake from warm Eocene period of India suggests intercontinental Gondwana dispersal". Scientific Reports. 14 (1): 8054. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-58377-0. ISSN 2045-2322.
^Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Wazir, Wasim Abass; Sehgal, Ramesh Kumar; Čerňanský, Andrej; Patnaik, Rajeev; Kumar, Navin; Singh, Abhishek Pratap; Uniyal, Piyush; Singh, Ningthoujam Premjit (2022-04-29). "A find from the Ladakh Himalaya reveals a survival of madtsoiid snakes (Serpentes, Madtsoiidae) in India through the late Oligocene". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (6): e2058401. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.2058401. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 248636111.
Madtsoiidae is an extinct family of mostly Gondwanan snakes with a fossil record extending from early Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) to late Pleistocene...
Gigantophis garstini is classified as a member of the extinct family Madtsoiidae. "Gigantophis". The Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 2012-07-11. "Gigantophis...
analyses, Vasuki is recovered as a member of the extinct snake clade Madtsoiidae as the sister taxon to the clade formed by Madtsoia pisdurensis (Late...
Queensland and in the Northern Territory. The family of this species, Madtsoiidae, became extinct in other parts of the world around 55 million years ago...
Yurlunggur is a genus of fossil snake in the extinct family Madtsoiidae containing the species Yurlunggur camfieldensis known from the Oligocene and Miocene...
Alamitophis is a genus of fossil snakes in the extinct family of Madtsoiidae. Its length is estimated at 80 centimetres (2.6 ft) and it probably fed on...
This is a characteristic of all madtsoiids. Sanajeh is a member of the Madtsoiidae, an extinct family of snakes that includes the Australian genera Wonambi...
that resemble other Cretaceous snakes, such as Dinilysia patagonica and Madtsoiidae. Also, several characteristics of the neck and tail of Najash and Dinilysia...
alethinophidian families comprise Henophidia. While not extant today, the Madtsoiidae, a family of giant, primitive, python-like snakes, was around until 50...
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Family: †Madtsoiidae Genus: †Menarana Laduke et al., 2010 Species M. nosymena Laduke et al...
the genus Morelia, and are currently classified in the extinct family Madtsoiidae that became extinct elsewhere in the world 55 million years in the past...
and its bearing on the phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Madtsoiidae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 37 (4): e1347179. Bibcode:2017JVPal...
categorizing reptiles. He described the snake families Bolyeriidae and Madtsoiidae. Faune du gisement précolombien d'Anse-Belleville: Reptiles, 1946 Les...
known snakes: Patagoniophis, Alamitophis, and cf. Madtsoia (Squamata: Madtsoiidae) from the Eocene of Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum (Proceedings...
Meiolania, a horned turtle Morelia, a python Nanowana, extinct snakes (Madtsoiidae) Physignathus, a dragon lizard Pseudemydura, a side neck turtle Pygopus...
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