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Ogallala Formation information


Ogallala Formation
Stratigraphic range: Miocene–Early Pliocene
PreꞒ
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
Common appearance of the "caprock" caliche beds from the middle of the Ogallala at Ash Hollow, Nebraska
TypeFormation / Group
Sub-unitsNebraska only:
  • Kimball (youngest)
  • Ash Hollow
  • Valentine (oldest)
UnderliesPleistocene loess
OverliesWeathered Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic, and Permian terrains
Lithology
Primarysand, gravel, caliche cementation
Otherchert, agate, opaline sandstone, marl, limestone, ash
Location
RegionHigh Plains
CountryUnited States
Type section
Named forOgallala, Nebraska

The Ogallala Formation is a Miocene to early Pliocene geologic formation in the central High Plains of the western United States and the location of the Ogallala Aquifer.[1] In Nebraska and South Dakota it is also classified as the Ogallala Group.[2] Notably, it records the North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs) Hemphillian, Clarendonian, and Barstovian.[3] It also includes an excellent record of grass seeds and other plant seeds, which can be used for biostratigraphic dating within the formation. The Ogallala Formation outcrops of Lake Meredith National Recreation Area preserve fish fossils.[4] Similar specimens from the same unit are found at Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument in Texas.[4]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference BuchananEtAl was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ "Geologic Unit: Ogallala". National Geologic Database. Geolex — Significant Publications. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2020-06-05.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference LudvigsonEtAl was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference nps-fish-meredith-67 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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plain crossed by streams flowing toward the east. During the formation of this [Ogallala] plain in central Kansas the Cretaceous [Niobrara] rocks were...

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Palo Duro Canyon

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Trujillo Formation by a disconformity, representing a long hiatus. The coarse, porous sedimentary units of the Ogallala Formation constitute the Ogallala Aquifer...

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Silcrete

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common on the surface and in river gravels east of the outcrops of the Ogallala Formation. In Australia, silcrete was widely used by Aboriginal people for stone...

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Llano Estacado

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Texas Midland, "The Tall City" of West Texas Downtown Odessa The Ogallala Formation is a wedge of sediments built up eastward of the Rocky Mountains as...

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Texas

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in the Big Bend area. A blanket of Miocene sediments known as the Ogallala formation in the western high plains region is an important aquifer. Located...

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Blackwater Draw Formation

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The formation is a very fine to fine red aeolian sandstone that rests on the resistant caprock calcrete of the Ogallala Formation. The formation is highly...

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Geography of Texas

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in the Big Bend area. A blanket of Miocene sediments known as the Ogallala formation in the western high plains region is an important aquifer. Texas has...

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Valentine Formation

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The Valentine Formation is a geologic unit formation or member within the Ogallala unit in northcentral Nebraska near the South Dakota border. It preserves...

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Blanco Formation

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weathering and erosion of the exposed Ogallala, rich in calcium carbonate, contributed heavily to the formation, the resulting material is white (blanco)...

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Research history of Mammut

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the genus. In 1944, Claude W. Hibbard diagnosed material from the Ogallala Formation of Seward County, Kansas as belonging to the new species P. adamsi...

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Keystone Pipeline

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crossing the Northern High Plains Aquifer system, which includes the Ogallala formation". In response to a Freedom of Information Act request for route information...

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Kansas River

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material from the uplift of the Rocky Mountains, which created the Ogallala Formation. All of the rocks in the eastern Kansas valley are sedimentary, ranging...

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Bidahochi Formation

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erupted through the formation favors a shallow, possibly ephemeral, lake. The formation has been likened to the Ogallala Formation of eastern New Mexico...

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List of fossil sites

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which the same formation is exposed. Such sites may have separate entries if they are considered to be more notable than the formation as a whole. In...

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Aeolian processes

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deposits to the east, further from the original sediment source in the Ogallala Formation at the feet of the Rocky Mountains. Some of the most significant experimental...

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Geology of Texas

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deposition of a vast fan of eroded sediment to their east, forming the Ogallala Formation that covers much of the Panhandle. Most of the state's current stream...

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Pawnee Buttes

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the 1970s suggest that the upper level of the cap rock is of the Ogallala Formation from the Pliocene. The Pliocene layers exist further to the north...

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Hesperotestudo

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Lynn, 1936) Calvert Formation, Maryland, Middle Miocene (Langhian–Serravallian) †Hesperotestudo gilbertii (Hay, 1899) Ogallala Formation, Kansas, Hemphillian...

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Ash Hollow Formation

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The Ash Hollow Formation of the Ogallala Group is a geological formation found in Nebraska and South Dakota. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene...

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2016 in reptile paleontology

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known chameleon fossils from India are described from the Miocene Nagri Formation by Sankhyan & Čerňanský (2016). Lee et al. (2016) examine the limb anatomy...

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Wagon Bed Spring

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river bed. The flow of the spring came from an outcropping of the Ogallala Formation. Center pivot irrigation adjacent to the spring resulted in lowering...

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