Charles-Alexandre de Calonne by Élisabeth-Louise Vigée-Le Brun (1784), London, Royal Collection. Calonne is shown in the costume of his rank, noblesse de robe.
Under the Ancien Régime of France, the Nobles of the Robe or Nobles of the Gown (French: noblesse de robe) were French aristocrats whose rank came from holding certain judicial or administrative posts. As a rule, the positions did not of themselves give the holder a title of nobility, such as baron or viscount (although the holder might also have such a title), but they were almost always attached to a specific function. The offices were often hereditary, and by 1789, most of the holders had inherited their positions. The most influential of them were the 1,100 members of the 13 parlements, or courts of appeal.
They were distinct from the "Nobles of the Sword" (French: noblesse d'épée), whose nobility was based on their families' traditional function as the knightly class and whose titles were usually attached to a particular feudal fiefdom, a landed estate held in return for military service. Together with the older nobility, the Nobles of the Robe made up the Second Estate in pre-revolutionary France.[1]
^Ford, 1953
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represented in the Estates General, if at all. Under King Louis XIV, thenoblesoftherobe largely replaced thenoblesofthe sword at the Palace of Versailles...
Priyayi (former spelling: Prijaji) was the Dutch-era class ofthenoblesoftherobe, as opposed to royal nobility or ningrat (Javanese), in Java, Indonesia...
then-widespread practice of selling administrative positions within the government to the highest bidder, especially regarding theNoblesoftheRobe. Thus, for example...
reiterates the differences between the 'Noblesofthe Sword' descended from the medieval nobility and 'NoblesoftheRobe' who had bought their title. Mirandolina...
borne by women ofthe priyayi or Javanese noblesoftheRobe class. Taylor 1976, p. 643. "Indonesia: Exhibition 'Letters ofthe Founders ofthe Nation'". dutchculture...
privileges. The 17th and 18th centuries saw nobles and the noblesse de robe battle each other for these positions and any other sign of royal favor....
some of these aristocratic chuba could be re-sewn from many different pieces ofrobes. Only nobles and high lamas were allowed to wear dragon robes in Tibet...
The Most Noble Order ofthe Garter is an order of chivalry founded by Edward III of England in 1348. The most senior order of knighthood in the British...
of royal or princely families but formed a sort ofnoblesoftheRobe, exerting administrative functions, including that of adipati (governor). The bangsawan...
functions ofthe House of Lords Judicial Committee ofthe Privy Council List of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary List of law life peerages NoblesoftheRobe Statute...
numerous); theNoblesoftheRobe; the financiers; the traders and merchants; the artists; the craftsmen; the manual workers; the servants; and the bas peuple...
robe, or Noblesoftherobe, whose rank derived from holding judicial or administrative posts and were often hard-working professionals, unlike the aristocratic...
Loire into a family that belonged to the Noblesse de robe or NoblesoftheRobe. This class formed the Second Estate whose rank derived from holding judicial...
honorifics, often distinguish nobles from non-nobles in conversation and written speech. In many nations, most ofthe nobility have been untitled, and...
shows the diversity ofthe late 18th and 19th century non-imperial dragon robes.: 115 Ranked officials and Han Chinese nobles had two slits in the skirts...
subordinate to the King. The kings from the 17th century and later periods tended to increasingly appoint non-nobles to state offices, to which nobles previously...
hereditary by paying the Crown an annual tax called the paulette which would render them "NoblesoftheRobe". With this sense of aristocracy they declared...
townhouses of a grand sort. The hôtels particuliers ofthe Toulouse Renaissance were for the most part built by NoblesoftheRobe linked to the Parlement of Toulouse...
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