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Hiran Ngoenyang Chiangsaen
หิรัญเงินยางเชียงแสน
638–1292
Capital
Hiran (to about 850) Ngoenyang (from about 850 onwards)
Common languages
Northern Thai language
Religion
Theravada Buddhism
Government
Monarchy
King
• 638–?
Phraya Lavachakkaraj
• 1123–1166
Phanya Coeng
• 1262–1292
Mangrai
Historical era
Middle Ages
• Installation of Lavachakkaraj
638
• Capture of Hariphunchai
1292
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Singhanavati
Lanna
Wat Phra That Doi Pu Khao [th], built by the Kings of Hiran
The Kingdom of Hiran or the Kingdom of Ngoenyang (Thai: อาณาจักรหิรัญเงินยางlistenⓘ) was an early mueang or kingdom of the Northern Thai people from the 7th through 13th centuries AD and was originally centered on Hiran, formerly Vieng Preuksa, in modern-day Thailand near today's Mae Sai District in Chiang Rai, and later on Ngoenyang or Chiang Saen. Ngoenyang was the successor to the mueang of Singhanavati. King Mangrai, the 17th king of Ngoenyang, went on to found Lanna.[1]
In contrast to most contemporary Tai states, Ngoenyang was mentioned in local chronicles, which provide some information about its history.
In 545 AD, an earthquake destroyed the city of Naknakorn and thus the mueang of Singhanavati. Survivors gathered together, and an elective monarchy was established there. The mueang was named Vieng Prueksa, as prueksa means "to counsel".
After 93 years of elective monarchy, Phraya Kalavarnadishraj of the Lavo Kingdom forced the Vieng Prueksa to accept Phraya Lavachakkaraj as their king in 638 AD. Lavachakkaraj renamed the mueang Hiran.
Lavachakka is hypothesized to have been a tribal chief in the area who gained the support of the Lavo Kingdom. The Lavachakkaraj or "Lao dynasty" would go on to rule the area for 700 years.
Lao Kiang, the ninth king of Hiran, founded the city of Ngoenyang (modern Chiang Saen) around 850 AD, moved the capital there, and thus became the first King of Ngoenyang. The territorial claims of Ngoenyang extended from Chiang Saen in the west through parts of modern Laos north of Luang Prabang to Thaeng (modern Điện Biên Phủ, Vietnam). Ngoenyang fell under the dominion of the Lu mueang Chiang Hung in the north around 1250 AD and remained within that orbit until the Mongol invasions again shifted power in the area.
The religion of Ngoenyang kingdom was heavily influenced by the Theravada Buddhism of the Hariphunchai kingdom to the south. Around 1250, Rao meng the 16th king of Ngoenyang founded Chiangrai and his son, Mangrai, moved the capital to Chiang Rai when he was crowned as the king of Ngoenyang in 1262. In 1281, Mangrai invaded Hariphunchai and captured the capital (modern Lamphun).
^"ตามหาเมืองเงินยาง ตอน 3". www.finearts.go.th (in Thai). Archived from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
The Kingdom of Hiran or the Kingdom of Ngoenyang (Thai: อาณาจักรหิรัญเงินยาง listen) was an early mueang or kingdom of the Northern Thai people from the...
successive kingdoms preceded Lan Na. As a continuation of the kingdom of Ngoenyang, Lan Na emerged strong enough in the 15th century to rival the Ayutthaya...
ruled the region, competing with Thai states such as the Kingdoms of Ngoenyang, Sukhothai, Lan Na, and Ayutthaya, which also rivalled each other. European...
This article lists the lord ruler of Lan Na from the foundation of the Ngoenyang in 638 until the end of Kingdom of Chiang Mai under Siamese administration...
Saen Lake due to an earthquake in 545. Singhanavati evolved into the Ngoenyang Kingdom in 638, which continued to the formation of Lan Na in 1292. There...
titled Khun Chom Tham, son of Phaya Lao Ngoen Rueang, ruler of the Hiran Ngoenyang Kingdom. During the late reigning period of Phaya Lao Ngoen Rueang, he...
1238–1311), also known as Mengrai (Thai: เม็งราย), was the 25th king of Ngoenyang (r. 1261–1292) and the first king of Lanna (r. 1292–1311). He established...
Peninsula and Sumatra ruled the region. The Thai established their states: Ngoenyang, the Sukhothai Kingdom, the Kingdom of Chiang Mai, Lan Na, and the Ayutthaya...
Monarchs of Thailand Thai monarchs' family tree Lan Na monarchs' family tree Ngoenyang/Lan Na (638–1775) Singhanavati Kingdom (757–1188) Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)...
kingdoms existed in the neighboring northern highlands. These include Ngoenyang of the Northern Thai people (present-day Chiang Saen) and Chiang Hung...
Thai groups established mueang that evolved into larger states, such as Ngoenyang. However, it was not until the decline of the Khmer Empire in the 13th...
CE Dvaravati 500 CE–1200 CE Wen Dan 600 CE–800 CE Lavo 648 CE–1388 CE Ngoenyang 638 CE–1292 CE Haripuñjaya 745 CE–1292 CE Canasapura 790 CE–974 CE Pan...
Chiang Saen National Museum. Chronicles describe an ancient royal city, Ngoenyang, which was probably the first major city in the area. It was on one of...
century) Mangrai, King of Ngoenyang (1261–1292), King of Lan Na (1292–1311) Lan Na (complete list) – Mangrai, King of Ngoenyang (1261–1292), King of Lan...
Monarchs of Thailand Thai monarchs' family tree Lan Na monarchs' family tree Ngoenyang/Lan Na (638–1775) Singhanavati Kingdom (757–1188) Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)...
Monarchs of Thailand Thai monarchs' family tree Lan Na monarchs' family tree Ngoenyang/Lan Na (638–1775) Singhanavati Kingdom (757–1188) Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)...
CE Dvaravati 500 CE–1200 CE Wen Dan 600 CE–800 CE Lavo 648 CE–1388 CE Ngoenyang 638 CE–1292 CE Haripuñjaya 745 CE–1292 CE Canasapura 790 CE–974 CE Pan...
took the name of Ngoenyang and became the new capital. From that moment on, the Kingdom of Hiran was called the Kingdom of Ngoenyang and expanded significantly...
Thammaracha III, King (1400–1419) Lan Na (complete list) – Mangrai, King of Ngoenyang (1261–1292), King of Lan Na (1292–1311) Chaiyasongkhram, King (1311–1325)...
Monarchs of Thailand Thai monarchs' family tree Lan Na monarchs' family tree Ngoenyang/Lan Na (638–1775) Singhanavati Kingdom (757–1188) Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)...
the Lanna-related dynasties and rulers begins with the founding of the Ngoenyang Kingdom, inaugurated by Lawachangkarat [th] in 638. This was succeeded...
Monarchs of Thailand Thai monarchs' family tree Lan Na monarchs' family tree Ngoenyang/Lan Na (638–1775) Singhanavati Kingdom (757–1188) Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)...
converted into the city of Thiên Trường, nowadays Nam Định city. Chiang Rai Ngoenyang Thailand 1262 AD Chiang Mai Lanna Kingdom Thailand 1294 AD or 1296 AD...
Monarchs of Thailand Thai monarchs' family tree Lan Na monarchs' family tree Ngoenyang/Lan Na (638–1775) Singhanavati Kingdom (757–1188) Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)...
CE 1292 CE Haripunchai Northern Thai, Pali, Mon, Lawa Ngoenyang 638 CE 1292 CE Hiran, Ngoenyang Northern Thai Phayao Kingdom 1094 CE 1338 CE Phayao Tai...
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