Indianized state centered in present-day northern Thailand (13th–18th centuries)
This article is about the Thai kingdom. For other uses, see Lanna (disambiguation).
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Lan Na Kingdom
ᩋᩣᨱᩣᨧᩢᨠ᩠ᨠ᩼ᩃ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨶᨶᩣ อาณาจักรล้านนา
1292–15 January 1775[1]
Coat of arms
Extent of Lan Na's zone of influence (dark blue), c. 1400.
Capital
Chiang Rai (1262–1275)
Fang (1275–1281)
Wiang Kum Kam (1281–1296)
Chiang Mai (1296–1775)
Official languages
Northern Thai (1292–1579)
Burmese (1579–1775)
Spoken languages
Northern Thai
Shan
Central Thai
Religion
Theravada Buddhism
Government
Monarchy
King
• 1292–1311
Mangrai
• 1441–1487
Tilokkarat
• 1551–1564
Mekuti
• 1579–1607/08
Nawrahta Minsaw
Historical era
Early modern period
• Capture of Hariphunchai
1292
• Foundation of Chiang Mai
1296
• Ayutthaya-Lan Na War
1456–1474
• Burmese rule
2 April 1558[2]
• Dissolution
15 January 1775[1]
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Ngoenyang
Hariphunchai
Kingdom of Payao
Rattanakosin Kingdom
Principality of Lampang
Principality of Chiang Mai
Principality of Nan
Principality of Lamphum
Principality of Phrae
Today part of
Thailand
Myanmar
Laos
China
This article contains Lanna text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Tai Tham script.
The Lan Na Kingdom or The Kingdom of Lanna (Northern Thai: ᩋᩣᨱᩣᨧᩢᨠ᩠ᨠ᩼ᩃ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨶᨶᩣ, pronounced[ʔāː.nāː.t͡ɕǎkláːnnāː], "Kingdom of a Million Rice Fields"; Thai: อาณาจักรล้านนา, RTGS: Anachak Lan Na, pronounced[ʔāː.nāː.t͡ɕàkláːnnāː]), also known as Lannathai, and most commonly called Lanna or Lanna Kingdom, was an Indianized state centered in present-day Northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries.
The cultural development of the Northern Thai people had begun long before as successive kingdoms preceded Lan Na. As a continuation of the kingdom of Ngoenyang, Lan Na emerged strong enough in the 15th century to rival the Ayutthaya Kingdom, with whom wars were fought. However, the Lan Na Kingdom was weakened and became a tributary state of the Taungoo Dynasty in 1558. Lan Na was ruled by successive vassal kings, though some enjoyed autonomy. The Burmese rule gradually withdrew but then resumed as the new Konbaung Dynasty expanded its influence. In 1775, Lan Na chiefs left the Burmese control to join Siam, leading to the Burmese–Siamese War (1775–76).
Following the retreat of the Burmese force, Burmese control over Lan Na came to the end. Siam, under King Taksin of the Thonburi Kingdom, gained control of Lan Na in 1776. From then on, Lan Na became a tributary state of Siam under the succeeding Chakri Dynasty.
Throughout the latter half of the 1800s, the Siamese state dismantled Lan Na independence, absorbing it into the emerging Siamese nation-state.[3] Beginning in 1874, the Siamese state reorganized Lan Na Kingdom as Monthon Phayap, brought under the direct control of Siam.[4] The Lan Na Kingdom effectively became centrally administered from through the Siamese thesaphiban governance system instituted in 1899.[5][6] By 1909, Lan Na Kingdom no longer existed formally as an independent state, as Siam finalized the demarcation of its borders with the British and French.[7]
^Ratchasomphan & Wyatt 1994, p. 85.
^Wyatt 2003, p. 80.
^Roy, Edward Van (2017-06-29). Siamese Melting Pot: Ethnic Minorities in the Making of Bangkok. ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute. ISBN 978-981-4762-83-0.
^London, Bruce (2019-03-13). Metropolis and Nation In Thailand: The Political Economy of Uneven Development. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-72788-7.
^Peleggi, Maurizio (2016-01-11), "Thai Kingdom", The Encyclopedia of Empire, John Wiley & Sons, pp. 1–11, doi:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe195, ISBN 9781118455074
^Terwiel, B. J. (2011). Thailand's political history : from the 13th century to recent times. River Books. ISBN 978-9749863961. OCLC 761367976.
^Strate, Shane (2016). The lost territories : Thailand's history of national humiliation. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 9780824869717. OCLC 986596797.
Tai Tham script. The LanNa Kingdom or The Kingdom of Lanna (Northern Thai: ᩋᩣᨱᩣᨧᩢᨠ᩠ᨠ᩼ᩃ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨶᨶᩣ, pronounced [ʔāː.nāː.t͡ɕǎk láːnnāː], "Kingdom of a Million...
in Northern Thailand, principally in the area of the former kingdom of LanNa. As a Tai group, they are closely related to Tai Lü and Tai Khün with regards...
which included much of modern-day Myanmar, the Chinese Shan states, LanNa, Lan Xang, Manipur and Siam. Although he is best remembered for his empire...
king of LanNa from 1579 to 1607/08, and the first Burmese-born vassal king of LanNa. He was also an accomplished poet. Appointed to the LanNa throne...
This article lists the lord ruler of LanNa from the foundation of the Ngoenyang in 638 until the end of Kingdom of Chiang Mai under Siamese administration...
aromatics before serving. Laab has a meaning in the LanNa dialect (1292–1775), the neighboring kingdom of Lan Xang (1353–1707, present day Laos). The name derived...
still needed to settle the affairs at LanNa which was in revolt, as well as with Lan Xang which had encouraged LanNa. His 36,000-strong armies recaptured...
dynasty. He was the king of the Ayutthaya Kingdom from 1590 and overlord of LanNa from 1602 until his death in 1605. Naresuan is one of Thailand's most revered...
Lan Xang ([lâːn sâːŋ]) or Lancang was a Lao kingdom that held the area of present-day Laos from 1353 to 1707. For three and a half centuries, Lan Xang...
kingdom of Lan Xang. Some years earlier, the crown prince of Lan Xang, Setthathirath, had been invited to occupy the vacant throne of LanNa as his mother...
massive reforms of Thai bureaucracy and a successful campaign against the LanNa Kingdom to the north. He was revered as one of the greatest monarchs of...
(meaning "new city" in Thai) was founded in 1296 as the new capital of LanNa, succeeding the former capital, Chiang Rai.: 208–209 The city's location...
competing with Thai states such as the Kingdoms of Ngoenyang, Sukhothai, LanNa, and Ayutthaya, which also rivalled each other. European contact began in...
is a Brahmic script, used historically in the LanNa Kingdom. The script was frequently used in LanNa stone inscriptions. The Fakkham script, was derived...
1581) or Mae Ku (Thai: แมกุ) was king of LanNa from 1551 to 1564.: 29 His reign saw the transition of LanNa into a vassal state under the Burmese-led...
that would ultimately claim his life. In 1775, periphery vassals states of LanNa and Manipur both revolted. He died in June 1776 while the Burmese forces...
named Udumbaragiri. Further north, in the Thai LanNa Kingdom (c. 1292–1775), Theravāda also flourished. LanNa kings built unique wats (monasteries) which...
and at that time was located in "Sipsong Pan Na" (today: Xishuangbanna). Mangrai, later king of LanNa, was born into this family in 1239. The town of...
capture LanNa by 1776. Burma and Siam went to war until 1855, but all resulted in a stalemate, exchanging Tenasserim (to Burma) and LanNa (to Ayutthaya)...
regnant of the Kingdom of LanNa. She was the 12th monarch of LanNa. She was the grandmother of King Setthathirath of Lan Xang. Chiraprapha was the daughter...
central mainland, Lan Xang and LanNa went to war in 1595–96 and again in 1598–1603. Siam supported a Chiang Rai rebellion against LanNa (Chiang Mai) in...
K. Thailand, A Short History, p. 35–38, Bangkok 2003 'King Mangrai of LanNa' in: Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David, Ancient Chiang Mai Volume 1. Chiang...
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