Nestor Ivanovych Makhno[a] (Ukrainian: Нестор Івaнович Махно, pronounced[ˈnɛstoriˈʋɑnowɪt͡ʃmɐxˈnɔ]; 7 November 1888 – 25 July 1934), also known as Batko Makhno (батько Махно, lit.'Father Makhno'),[b] was a Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary and the commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence. He established the Makhnovshchina (loosely translated as "Makhno movement"), a mass movement by the Ukrainian peasantry to establish anarchist communism in the country between 1918 and 1921. Initially centered around Makhno's home province of Katerynoslav and hometown of Huliaipole, it came to exert a strong influence over large areas of southern Ukraine, specifically in what is now the Zaporizhzhia Oblast of Ukraine.
Raised by a peasant family and coming of age amid the fervor around the 1905 Revolution, Makhno participated in a local anarchist group and spent seven years imprisoned for his involvement. With his release during the 1917 Revolution, Makhno became a local revolutionary leader in his hometown and oversaw the expropriation and redistribution of large estates to the peasantry. In the Ukrainian Civil War, Makhno sided with the Soviet Russian Bolsheviks against the Ukrainian nationalists and White movement, but his alliances with the Bolsheviks did not last. He rallied Bolshevik support to lead an insurgency, defeating the Central Powers's occupation forces at the Battle of Dibrivka and establishing the Makhnovshchina. Makhno's troops briefly integrated with the Bolshevik Red Army in the 1919 Soviet invasion of Ukraine, but split over differences on the movement's autonomy. Makhno rebuilt his army from the remains of Nykyfor Hryhoriv's forces in western Ukraine, routed the White Army at the Battle of Perehonivka, and captured most of southern and eastern Ukraine, where they again attempted to establish anarchist communism.
Makhno's army fought the Bolshevik re-invasion of Ukraine in 1920 until a White Army offensive forced a short-lived Bolshevik–Makhnovist alliance that drove the Whites out of Crimea and ended the Southern Front of the Russian Civil War. The Bolsheviks immediately turned on Makhno, wounding him and driving him westward in August 1921 to Romanian concentration camps, Poland, and Europe, before he settled in Paris with his wife and daughter. Makhno wrote memoirs and articles for radical newspapers, playing a role in the development of platformism. He became alienated from the French anarchist movement after disputes over synthesis anarchism and personal allegations of antisemitism. His family continued to be persecuted in the decades following his death of tuberculosis at the age of 45. Anarchist groups continue to draw on his name for inspiration.
^Palij 1976, p. 67; Peters 1970, p. 14.
^Skirda 2004, p. 9.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
Nestor Ivanovych Makhno (Ukrainian: Нестор Івaнович Махно, pronounced [ˈnɛstor iˈʋɑnowɪt͡ʃ mɐxˈnɔ]; 7 November 1888 – 25 July 1934), also known as Batko...
during the Ukrainian War of Independence of 1917–1921. Named after NestorMakhno, the commander-in-chief of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine...
known as Makhnovtsi (Ukrainian: Махновці), named after their leader NestorMakhno, was an anarchist army formed largely of Ukrainian peasants and workers...
1922–1993) was the daughter of the Ukrainian anarchist revolutionaries NestorMakhno and Halyna Kuzmenko. Born in exile, she spent her early life in France...
The Nine Lives of NestorMakhno (Russian: Девять жизней Нестора Махно, Devyat zhizney Nestora Makhno) is a 12-part mini-series which aired on Channel One...
of Staff of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU) under NestorMakhno. A gifted military commander, Bilash himself planned many of the Insurgent...
proletariat in the form of an anarchist-led trade union system, for which NestorMakhno himself was accused of Bonapartism. Meanwhile, the Nabat Confederation...
women's rights. Along with her husband, the anarchist military leader NestorMakhno, in 1921 she fled into exile from the political repression in Ukraine...
leader NestorMakhno led an independent anarchist army during the Russian Civil War. A commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, Makhno led...
Michael (1982). NestorMakhno in the Russian Civil War. London: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-333-25969-6. OCLC 8514426. Makhno, Nestor (April–May 1927)...
Dibrivka was a military conflict between Ukrainian insurgents, led by NestorMakhno and Fedir Shchus, and the Central Powers that were occupying southern...
1920 treaty of alliance with NestorMakhno and attacked the anarchist Insurgent Army; the campaign to liquidate Makhno and the Ukrainian anarchists began...
the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU). He often replaced NestorMakhno as supreme commander of the Insurgent Army in 1920. Karetnyk gained...
commander (ataman) in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine of NestorMakhno. Fedir Shchus was born into a poor peasant family in the small Ukrainian...
which now found itself isolated at Rogovo. The insurgent commander NestorMakhno used the opportunity to regroup on the right-bank of the Iatran, positioning...
prison, where he met NestorMakhno. Following the 1917 Revolution, he was released from prison and returned to Ukraine to join Makhno's partisan movement...
It is known as the birthplace of Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary NestorMakhno. In January 2022, it had an estimated population of 12,786. Huliaipole...
insurgent forces under NestorMakhno to be the best option for creating an anarchist armed force. The Nabat cautioned Makhno against launching an uprising...
officers and landlords. On 29 August 1917, she met with the peasant leader NestorMakhno in the anarchist-controlled town of Huliaipole, where she gave a speech...
many began to support the Bolsheviks.: 207 In the south of Ukraine, NestorMakhno began his anarchist activity, disarming deserting Russian soldiers and...
culminating in the outburst following the February Revolution, when NestorMakhno returned to the country and began to organize among the peasantry. Ukraine...
organisation within the Makhnovshchina, an anarchist mass movement led by NestorMakhno's Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine. Volin joined the movement's...
mid-October 1920. The Bolsheviks also managed to form an agreement with NestorMakhno's Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine. In this situation, Wrangel...
Global Information
