Many conspicuous fungi such as the fly agaric (upper left) form ectomycorrhiza (upper right) with tree rootlets. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (lower left) are very common in plants, including crop species such as wheat (lower right)
A mycorrhiza (from Greek μύκης mýkēs, "fungus", and ῥίζα rhiza, "root"; pl.: mycorrhizae, mycorrhiza or mycorrhizas[1]) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant.[2] The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant's rhizosphere, its root system. Mycorrhizae play important roles in plant nutrition, soil biology, and soil chemistry.
In a mycorrhizal association, the fungus colonizes the host plant's root tissues, either intracellularly as in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, or extracellularly as in ectomycorrhizal fungi.[3] The association is normally mutualistic. In particular species, or in particular circumstances, mycorrhizae may have a parasitic association with host plants.[4]
^Deacon, Jim. "The Microbial World: Mycorrhizas". bio.ed.ac.uk (archived). Archived from the original on 2018-04-27. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
^Kirk, P. M.; Cannon, P. F.; David, J. C.; Stalpers, J. (2001). Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi (9th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International.
^Wu, Qiang-Sheng, ed. (2017). Arbuscular Mycorrhizas and Stress Tolerance of Plants (1st ed.). Springer Singapore. p. 1. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-4115-0. ISBN 978-981-10-4115-0.
^Johnson, N. C.; Graham, J. H.; Smith, F. A. (1997). "Functioning of mycorrhizal associations along the mutualism–parasitism continuum". New Phytologist. 135 (4): 575–585. doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00729.x. S2CID 42871574.
A mycorrhiza (from Greek μύκης mýkēs, "fungus", and ῥίζα rhiza, "root"; pl.: mycorrhizae, mycorrhiza or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between...
An arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) (plural mycorrhizae) is a type of mycorrhiza in which the symbiont fungus (AM fungi, or AMF) penetrates the cortical cells...
pelotons in root cortical cells is a defining anatomical structure in orchid mycorrhiza that differentiate it from other forms of fungi. The pelotons can range...
The ericoid mycorrhiza is a mutualistic relationship formed between members of the plant family Ericaceae and several lineages of mycorrhizal fungi. This...
Symbiotic relationships between fungi and plant roots is referred to as a Mycorrhiza association. This symbiotic relationships is present in nearly all land...
Mycorrhiza helper bacteria (MHB) are a group of organisms that form symbiotic associations with both ectomycorrhiza and arbuscular mycorrhiza. MHBs are...
saprobism, and the development of mutualistic relationships such as mycorrhiza and lichenization. Studies suggest that the ancestral ecological state...
include ginger, turmeric, galangal, fingerroot, and lotus. Aspen Corm Mycorrhiza Tuber Bulb ῥίζωμα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English...
Unlike other mycorrhizal relationships, such as arbuscular mycorrhiza and ericoid mycorrhiza, ectomycorrhizal fungi do not penetrate their host's cell...
Species of mitePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Mycorrhiza – Fungus-plant symbiotic association Oomycete – Fungus-like eukaryotic...
main donors to the pathway were the genes associated with the arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis genes, the pollen tube formation genes and the haemoglobin genes...
associated with their root systems in a mutualistic symbiosis known as mycorrhiza. The fungi help the plants gain water and mineral nutrients from the soil...
Glomeromycota and Dikarya. It is supported with RNA analysis. It includes all Mycorrhiza hence the name references symbiosis. Although Endogone is a rare exception...
are dioecious, but conifers are almost all monoecious. Some genera have mycorrhiza, fungal associations with roots (Pinus), while in some others (Cycas)...
and mycologist, born in Dresden. He is credited with coining the term mycorrhiza in his 1885 paper "Über die auf Wurzelsymbiose beruhende Ernährung gewisser...
communicate within an ecosystem using mycelium, the fungal network produced by mycorrhiza fungi. Mycelial networks constitute 20-30% of soil biomass, though traditional...
experimenting with the inoculation of tree species with mycorrhiza in arid zones. The mycorrhiza are basically fungi attaching themselves to the roots of...
the roots encounter the hyphae of fungi. Many of these are known as mycorrhiza and form a mutualistic relationship with the tree roots. Some are specific...
Gigaspora margarita is an Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) which means it is an obligate symbiont that creates mutualistic relationships with many different...
have a mutualistic association with fungi in any of several forms of mycorrhiza. The majority of plant species are mycotrophic in this sense. Examples...
form symbiotic relationships with fungi, in particular in arbuscular mycorrhizas. Flowering plants and the animals that pollinate them have co-evolved...
(June 2006). "Mycorrhiza of the host-specific Lactarius deterrimus on the roots of Picea abies and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi". Mycorrhiza. 16 (4): 245–250...
JE, Weber NS (2000). "Mycorrhiza-like interaction by Morchella with species of the Pinaceae in pure culture synthesis". Mycorrhiza. 9 (5): 279–285. Bibcode:2000Mycor...
mycorrhizas grow successfully on mor humus soils in which low pH and high organic acid levels combine to exclude many other species. The mycorrhiza facilitates...
PMID 21118424. Hodge, Angela; Storer, Kate (2015-01-01). "Arbuscular mycorrhiza and nitrogen: implications for individual plants through to ecosystems"...
Strigolactones are known to stimulate the germination of arbuscular mycorrhiza spores. Since they produce this effect at extremely low concentrations...
spores, hyphae or fragments of roots colonized by the fungus Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi were thought to have propagated clonally for over 500 million...
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