Mycoestrogens are xenoestrogens produced by fungi. They are sometimes referred to as mycotoxins.[1] Among important mycoestrogens are zearalenone, zearalenol and zearalanol.[2] Although all of these can be produced by various Fusarium species,[3][4] zearalenol and zearalanol may also be produced endogenously in ruminants that have ingested zearalenone.[5][6] Alpha-zearalanol is also produced semisynthetically, for veterinary use; such use is prohibited in the European Union.[7]
^Rivera-Núñez Z, Barrett ES, Szamreta EA, Shapses SA, Qin B, Lin Y, Zarbl H, Buckley B, Bandera EV (March 2019). "Urinary mycoestrogens and age and height at menarche in New Jersey girls". Environmental Health. 18 (1): 24. doi:10.1186/s12940-019-0464-8. PMC 6431018. PMID 30902092.
^Fink-Gremmels, J.; Malekinejad, H. (October 2007). "Clinical effects and biochemical mechanisms associated with exposure to the mycoestrogen zearalenone". Animal Feed Science and Technology. 137 (3–4): 326–341. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.06.008.
^Richardson, Kurt E.; Hagler, Winston M.; Mirocha, Chester J. (September 1985). "Production of zearalenone, .alpha.- and .beta.-zearalenol, and .alpha.- and .beta.-zearalanol by Fusarium spp. in rice culture". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 33 (5): 862–866. doi:10.1021/jf00065a024.
^Hsieh HY, Shyu CL, Liao CW, Lee RJ, Lee MR, Vickroy TW, Chou CC (April 2012). "Liquid chromatography incorporating ultraviolet and electrochemical analyses for dual detection of zeranol and zearalenone metabolites in mouldy grains". Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 92 (6): 1230–7. doi:10.1002/jsfa.4687. PMID 22012692.
^Miles CO, Erasmuson AF, Wilkins AL, Towers NR, Smith BL, Garthwaite I, Scahill BG, Hansen RP (October 1996). "Ovine metabolism of zearalenone to α-zearalanol (zeranol)". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 44 (10): 3244–50. doi:10.1021/jf9601325.
^Kennedy DG, Hewitt SA, McEvoy JD, Currie JW, Cannavan A, Blanchflower WJ, Elliot CT (1998). "Zeranol is formed from Fusarium spp. toxins in cattle in vivo". Food Additives and Contaminants. 15 (4): 393–400. doi:10.1080/02652039809374658. PMID 9764208.
^Thevis M, Fusshöller G, Schänzer W (2011). "Zeranol: doping offence or mycotoxin? A case-related study". Drug Testing and Analysis. 3 (11–12): 777–83. doi:10.1002/dta.352. PMID 22095651.
Mycoestrogens are xenoestrogens produced by fungi. They are sometimes referred to as mycotoxins. Among important mycoestrogens are zearalenone, zearalenol...
Zearalanone (ZAN) is a mycoestrogen that is a derivative of zearalenone (ZEN). Zearalanone can be extracted from medical herbs and edible herbs along with...
(called xenoestrogens; specifically known as phytoestrogens in plants and mycoestrogens in fungi). Commonly used ingredients include:: 1330 : 1345 Barley Black...
activity. It is reported to inhibit cholinesterase enzymes. It is also a mycoestrogen. A 2017 in vitro assay study reported alternariol to be a full androgen...
daidzein, genistein, miroestrol). Those produced by fungi are known as mycoestrogens (e.g., zearalenone). Estrogens are among the wide range of endocrine-disrupting...
phytoestrogenic plants, they are sometimes called "dietary estrogens". Mycoestrogens, estrogenic substances from fungi, are another type of xenoestrogen...
Zearalenone (ZEN), also known as RAL and F-2 mycotoxin, is a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Fusarium and Gibberella species. Specifically...
been identified as phytoestrogens, although they are not flavonoids. Mycoestrogens have similar structures and effects, but are not components of plants;...
as well as naturally occurring phytoestrogens such as genistein and mycoestrogens such as zearalenone. The molting in crustaceans is an endocrine-controlled...
erroneously) a mycotoxin, it also has been labeled a phytoestrogen, a mycoestrogen, and a growth promotant. Citrinin: Citrinin was first isolated from Penicillium...
nonsteroidal estrogen of the resorcylic acid lactone group related to mycoestrogens found in Fusarium spp which was never marketed. It is the β epimer of...
compounds. They are lactones of resorcylic acid. Examples include the mycoestrogens (and synthetic analogues) zearalenone, zearalanone, zeranol (α-zearalanol)...
nonsteroidal estrogen of the resorcylic acid lactone group related to mycoestrogens found in fungi in the Fusarium genus and is used mainly as an anabolic...
xenoestrogens include phytoestrogens (estrogen-like compounds from plants) and mycoestrogens (estrogen-like compounds from fungi). While natural xenohormones exist...
pharmaceutical drugs, many xenoestrogens, including phytoestrogens, mycoestrogens, and synthetic endocrine disruptors like bisphenol A, are nonsteroidal...
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