The portrait of Musa on the reverse of a Parthian drachm, Ecbatana mint
Queen of the Parthian Empire
Reign
2 BC – 4 AD
Predecessor
Phraates IV
Successor
Orodes III
Co-ruler
Phraates V (2 BC – 4 AD)
Died
1st-century AD
Spouse
Phraates IV
Issue
Phraates V
Musa (also spelled Mousa), also known as Thea Musa, was a ruling queen of the Parthian Empire from 2 BC to 4 AD. Originally an Italian slave-girl, she was given as a gift to the Parthian monarch Phraates IV (r. 37 BC – 2 BC) by the Roman Emperor Augustus (r. 27 BC – 14 AD). She quickly became queen and a favourite of Phraates IV, giving birth to Phraataces (Phraates V). In 2 BC, she had Phraates IV poisoned and made herself, along with Phraates V, the co-rulers of the empire. Their reign was short-lived; they were forced to flee to Rome after being deposed by the Parthian nobility, who crowned Orodes III as king.
Musa is the first of only three women to rule as monarchs in Iranian history, the others being the two 7th-century Sasanian sisters Boran (r. 630–630, 631–632) and Azarmidokht (r. 630–631). Additional women, Rinnu, Ifra Hormizd and Denag, ruled only as regents of their sons and not as full monarchs in their own name.
Musa (also spelled Mousa), also known as Thea Musa, was a ruling queen of the Parthian Empire from 2 BC to 4 AD. Originally an Italian slave-girl, she...
founder, Arsaces I, who led the Parni tribe in conquering the region ofParthia in Iran's northeast, then a satrapy (province) under Andragoras, who was...
1312–1337 Musa ofParthia, queen of the Parthian Empire 2 BC to 4 AD Musa Sor, a Yazidi saint Musa, in the story "The City of Brass" in The Book of One Thousand...
of Tiberius. King Phraataces and Queen MusaofParthia are overthrown and killed, the crown being offered to Orodes III ofParthia—the beginning of the...
ISBN 978-1610693912. Olbrycht, Marek Jan (2014). "The Genealogy of Artabanos II (AD 8/9–39/40), King ofParthia". Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica. 15 (3):...
of Tiberius. King Phraataces and Queen MusaofParthia are overthrown and killed, the crown being offered to Orodes III ofParthia—the beginning of the...
princess Maria. She is the second of only three women to rule in Iranian history, the others being MusaofParthia, and Boran's sister Azarmidokht. In...
the minority of her son. She was one of only two women to rule Parthia, the other being queen MusaofParthia. She was the daughter of a Median magnate...
r. 38–2 BC Phraates V, king of the Parthian Empire, r. 2 BC – AD 4 MusaofParthia, mother and co-ruler with Phraates V, r. 2 BC – AD 4 Caesar Augustus...
Trajan on the latter's campaign to conquer Parthia. Trajan originally planned to annex Ctesiphon as part of the Roman Empire, but ultimately decided instead...
under Parthia (?–20s AD) Monobaz I, client King under Parthia (20s–c.36) Heleni, Queen (c.30–c.58) Izates bar Monobaz, client King under Parthia (c.36–55/59)...
Vol. II, Fasc. 5. pp. 525–536. Strugnell, Emma (2008). "Thea Musa, Roman Queen ofParthia". Iranica Antiqua. 43: 275–298. doi:10.2143/IA.43.0.2024051....
of Parthia for roughly a century at that point, founded by Arsaces I) until the defeat of the last Parthian king, Artabanus IV, at the Battle of Hormozdgan...
claims west of the Taurus Mountains in southern Anatolia, marking the gradual decline of their empire. Mithridates I ofParthia conquered much of the remaining...
Seleucid dynasty gradually lost control of Persia. In 253, the Arsacid dynasty established itself in Parthia. The Parthians gradually expanded their control...
under Parthia (c.46–c.28 BC) Kamnaskires VII, client King under Parthia (c.28 BC–c.1 AD) Indo-Greek Kingdom (complete list) – Antialcidas, King of Paropamisade...
statement of Jesus being "around 30 years old" in AD 29). Dedication of the Forum Augustum. Phraates V and his mother Musa become rulers of the Parthian...
(/ˈsɒləmən/), also called Jedidiah, was a Jewish monarch of ancient Israel and the son and successor of King David, according to the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament...
the former Iranian dialects of Parthia (Parthian). Tajik Persian (форси́и тоҷикӣ́, forsi-i tojikī), the standard Persian of Tajikistan, has been officially...
Reference. Retrieved 16 February 2022. Strugnell, Emma (2008). "Thea Musa, Roman Queen ofParthia". Iranica Antiqua. 43: 275–298. doi:10.2143/IA.43.0.2024051....
was putting down a rebellion in Parthia (Bistun 3, 1–10). Some Middle Persian texts give Rhages as the birthplace of Zoroaster, although modern historians...
the war in Parthia. Macrinus, of Mauritania, becomes the first equestrian Roman emperor. Empress Julia, wife of Septimius Severus and mother of Caracalla...
time ofMusa (Moses). God appointed Talut as their King. Saul was distinguished by the greatness of his knowledge and of his physique; it was a sign of his...
the first known ancient empire of Mesopotamia, succeeding the long-lived civilization of Sumer. Centered on the city of Akkad (/ˈækæd/) and its surrounding...
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