Murmansk Finns or Kola Finns (Finnish: Muurmanninsuomalaiset, Kuolansuomalaiset) are a group of Finns who live or lived in Murmansk Oblast. They came to Murmansk around 1860 during the Finnish famine of 1866–68.[1] However, there was another immigration period in 1900, due to the building of the Kirov Railway. In 2010 there were 273 Finns in living in Murmansk.[2]
Around the end of the Tsardom, there were about 40 villages or towns where Murmansk Finns lived.[1]
in 1920 when Petsamo was given to Finland, many Murmansk Finns moved to Petsamo. However two thirds of Murmansk Finns stayed in Soviet Russia. In 1931 a Finnish national district was established in the area, see Polyarny District.
During the Stalin era, the Murmansk Finns were heavily persecuted, being accused of espionage[3] The last Murmansk Finnish villages were emptied in 1940, when 6,973 "citizens of foreign nationalities": Finns, Norwegians, Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, and Swedes were deported.[1][4] The survivor, artist and writer Sven Lokka [fi] in his books described the experience of Murmansk Finns.[5]
Agnessa Haikara wrote a documentary book "Неизвестная северная история" (Unknown Northern History) about the persecution of 210 Murmansk Finns and Kola Norwegians (printed in Finnish as Kuka koputtaa ovellesi?, "Who is Knocking at Your Door?"[6]), for which Haikara was accused of "encitement of ethnic hatred".[7]
^ abcMikko, Kuitula (2020). "Muurmannin rannalle ja Venäjän Lappiin : Suomalaisten siirtolaisuus Kuolan niemimaalle ja kuolansuomalaiset 1858–1917".
^Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года в отношении демографических и социально-экономических характеристик отдельных национальностей
^"Agnessa Haikara tutki sukunsa vainoa Venäjällä ja kirjoitti siitä kirjan – sitten kirjapainosta kerrottiin, että turvallisuuspalvelu kiinnostui niistä". 18 February 2021.
^Приказ Народного комиссариата внутренних дел Союза ССР за 1940 г. О переселении из г. Мурманска и Мурманской обл. граждан инонациональностей. Москва. 23 июня 1940 г.
^"Stalin tapatti lähes kaikki Muurmannin suomalaiset keskitysleireillä – alueen ihmisten tarinat tulevat vihdoin julkisuuteen". 31 October 2019.
^Kuka koputtaa ovellesi?, book review
^Запрещалка сломалась. Суд отказался признать экстремистской книгу о репрессированных. ФСБ два года пыталась ее запретить, а автора — посадить
MurmanskFinns or Kola Finns (Finnish: Muurmanninsuomalaiset, Kuolansuomalaiset) are a group of Finns who live or lived in Murmansk Oblast. They came...
White-dominated Northern Finland to Soviet Russia and of some Finns working on the Murmansk Railroad. The Legion, along with British troops, fought off...
4% carry U5. Siberian Finns Kola Norwegians Karelians Tornedalians Skogfinner Sweden Finns Finland-Swedes Kvens MurmanskFinns Paluumuutto Suomeen TE-palvelut...
city of Murmansk, now home to 307,257 (2010 Russian census), or nearly 40% of the oblast's population. Many Finns also immigrated to Murmansk during the...
for her documentary book about MurmanskFinns and Kola Norwegians repressed in the Soviet Union. She was born in Murmansk to a family of Finnish origin...
Germans and Finns had taken some ground at both fronts, but overall the operation failed in terms of its strategic intentions, as neither Murmansk nor the...
advance impossible, and only withdrawal of the defending Red Finns allowed the White Finns to advance a small distance until the troops again mutinied...
especially the MurmanskFinns were heavily persecuted and the Finnish population almost completely perished in the area. 3,000 Finns were executed in...
Russo-Norwegian pidgin Pomors, coastal Russian settlers Bjarmaland MurmanskFinns "СОСТАВ ГРУППЫ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ "ЛИЦА, УКАЗАВШИЕ ДРУГИЕ ОТВЕТЫ О НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ...
to capture Murmansk or to cut the Kirov (Murmansk) Railway. The Soviet Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive in June and August 1944 drove the Finns from most...
the canal. On 7 August, the Finns captured Kestenga after fierce fighting. Reacting to the Finnish advance on the Murmansk railway, the Soviets transferred...
largest peninsulas of Europe. Constituting the bulk of the territory of Murmansk Oblast, it lies almost completely inside the Arctic Circle and is bordered...
creating fears they might try to capture the Murmansk–Petrograd railroad, the strategic port of Murmansk and possibly even the city of Arkhangelsk. It...
south, via Lake Onega to the White Sea in the north. The importance of the Murmansk railway, built in 1916, led the Soviet delegation to reject the Finnish...
Molotov's offer of a mutual assistance pact, which the Finns immediately refused. To the Finns' surprise, Molotov dropped the offer and instead proposed...
mines there from USSR. In June 1941 the corps attacked from Petsamo to Murmansk in Operation Platinum Fox (German: Unternehmen Platinfuchs). The attack...
area was enhanced by some migration of Ingrian Finns, and by the Great Depression. Gylling encouraged Finns in North America to flee to the Karelian ASSR...
Many of the Finns who fled to Karelia were detained and most likely shot during The Great Purge of 1937, with the Karelian ethnic Finns' population dropping...
Finnish Civil War. He later served as a lieutenant in the British organized Murmansk Legion and the Estonian Army. August Anselm Wesslin was born in the industrial...
Severomorsk. MurmanskFinns Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, pp. 34-35 Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, p. 67...
respective goals, the Finns halted their advance and started moving troops to East Karelia. For the next three years, the Finns did little to contribute...
Keväjärvi, Nellim in the municipality of Inari, at several places in the Murmansk Oblast and in the village of Neiden in the municipality of Sør-Varanger...
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