Depiction of Muhammad II in a 1430 manuscript of the Jami' al-tawarikh by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani
Shah of Khwarezm
Reign
1200–1220
Coronation
1200
Predecessor
Tekish
Successor
Jalal al-Din Mangburni
Co-ruler
Terken Khatun
Born
1169
Died
1220 (aged 50–51) Caspian Sea
Spouse
Ay Chichek Khatun
Issue
Jalal ad-Din Manguberdi
Names
Laqab: Ala ad-Din (shortly), Iskandar-i Sani Kunya: Abul-Fath Given name: Muhammad Turkic nickname: Sanjar Nasab: Muhammad ibn Tekish ibn Il-Arslan ibn Atsiz ibn Muhammad ibn Anushtegin
House
House of Anushtegin
Father
Tekish
Mother
Terken Khatun
Religion
Sunni Islam
'Alā' al-Din Muhammad (Persian: علاءالدین محمد خوارزمشاه; full name: Ala ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Abul-Fath Muhammad Sanjar ibn Tekish) was the Shah of the Khwarazmian Empire from 1200 to 1220. His ancestor was Anushtegin Gharchai, a Turkic Ghulam who eventually became a viceroy of a small province named Khwarizm. He was subjected to the Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire, which resulted in the utter destruction of his empire.
^Mohammad Habib (1992). "THE KHWARAZMIAN EMPIRE". In Mohammad Habib; Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (eds.). A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526). Vol. 5 (Second ed.). The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House. p. 42. OCLC 31870180. Taksh's sucçessor, Alauddin Muhammnad Khwarazm Shah, styled 'the Second Alexander' (1200-20), was the last of the old type of Emperor-Sultans, for Timur does not belong to this category
and 23 Related for: Muhammad II of Khwarazm information
Ghiyath died at Herat in 1203 after months of illness. MuhammadII used this opportunity to invade the domains of the Ghurid Empire, and besieged Herat. Mu'izz...
followed soon after. The Shah MuhammadIIofKhwarazm fled and died some weeks later on an island in the Caspian Sea. On the eve of the Mongol invasion, a diarchy...
Khwarazm (/xwəˈræzəm/; Old Persian: Hwârazmiya; Persian: خوارزم, Xwârazm or Xârazm) or Chorasmia (/kəˈræzmiə/) is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya...
1097 to 1127. He was the son of Anushtegin Gharchai. In around 1097, Qutb al-Din Muhammad was appointed governor ofKhwarazm by the Seljuk sultan Berkyaruk's...
used regularly by the rulers of the Central Asian region ofKhwarazm starting from the Late Antiquity until the advent of the Mongols in the early 13th-century...
principal consort of Sultanate of Rum being favorite wife of sultan Kaykhusraw II, whom she married after the death ofMuhammadIIofKhwarazm in 1237. After...
Sultan Muhammad formed a council composed of his army commanders. Imam Shahab al-Din Khiyoqi, one of the famous jurists and teachers ofKhwarazm, proposed...
slave of the Seljuq sultans, who was appointed as governor ofKhwarazm. His son, Qutb ad-Din Muhammad I, became the first hereditary Shah ofKhwarazm. Anush...
mother was Khan-Sultan (or Sultan Khatun), the captured daughter ofMuhammadIIofKhwarazm. The marriage between Jochi and Khan-Sultan took place in 1220...
which had been founded by Yelü Dashi in the 1130s. Khwarazm and the Qarakhanids were nominally vassals of the Qara-Khitai, but in practice, due to their large...
Mirror) of Amir Khusrow, completed in 1299/1300 during the reign ofMuhammadIIofKhwarazm. The Kherad-nâme (Book of Alexandrian Intelligence) of Jâmi composed...
region ofKhwarazm from 1511 to 1920, except for a period of Afsharid occupation by Nader Shah between 1740 and 1746. Centred in the irrigated plains of the...
who as a vassal of the Qara Khitai khanate led an army to assist MuhammadIIofKhwarazm against the Ghurids. The Qara Khitai were however soon weakened...
does not appear in the sources until after 1260. When MuhammadIIofKhwarazm ordered a contingent of merchants, dispatched by the Mongols, to be killed...
camel loads of gold in 800 chests"—although this claim may be unreliable. In 1215, Firozkoh was attacked and defeated by MuhammadIIofKhwarazm. However...
Iranian dynasty who ruled over the ancient kingdom ofKhwarazm. Over time, they were under the suzerainty of the Sasanian Empire, the Hephthalite Empire, the...
detained or captured by Muhammadof Khwarezm in 1210, and were given important posts. He was initially in the service ofKhwarazm prince Ghiyas-ad-Din Purshah...
'Ali, and sent him to Khwarazm. The Khwarazm Shah, who held southern Khwarazm as a Samanid vassal, imprisoned Abu 'Ali. Both of them were captured when...
Khwarazmians. MuhammadIIofKhwarazm's 1217 invasion of the Abbasids failed, and his realm was soon invaded by the armies of Genghis Khan, first ruler of the Mongol...
Khwarazm permanently became independent, becoming the Khanate of Khiva. It was ruled by the Arabshahids, another branch of the Shibanids. Khwarazm was...
for the Expedition of Subutai and Jebe (the Mongol reconnaissance of the western steppes) • 12 January 1221 MuhammadIIofKhwarazm dies on the run from...
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