A mosaic plot, Marimekko chart, Mekko chart, or sometimes percent stacked bar plot, is a graphical visualization of data from two or more qualitative variables.[1] It is the multidimensional extension of spineplots, which graphically display the same information for only one variable.[2] It gives an overview of the data and makes it possible to recognize relationships between different variables. For example, independence is shown when the boxes across categories all have the same areas.[3] Mosaic plots were introduced by Hartigan and Kleiner in 1981 and expanded on by Friendly in 1994.[4][5]
Mosaic plots are also called Marimekko or Mekko charts because they resemble some Marimekko prints.[6][7] However, in statistical applications, mosaic plots can be colored and shaded according to deviations from independence, whereas
Marimekko charts are colored according to the category levels, as in the image.
As with bar charts and spineplots, the area of the tiles, also known as the bin size, is proportional to the number of observations within that category.[8]
^Sandra D. Schlotzhauer (1 April 2007). Elementary Statistics Using JMP. SAS Institute. p. 407. ISBN 978-1-59994-428-9.
^New Techniques and Technologies for Statistics II: Proceedings of the Second Bonn Seminar. IOS Press. 1 January 1997. p. 254. ISBN 978-90-5199-326-4.
^Michael Friendly (1 January 1991). SAS System for Statistical Graphics. SAS Institute. pp. 512–. ISBN 978-1-55544-441-9.
^SAS Institute (6 September 2013). JMP 11 Basic Analysis. SAS Institute. pp. 251–. ISBN 978-1-61290-684-3.
^Michael Friendly & David Meyer (2016). Discrete Data Analysis with R: Visualization and Modeling Techniques for Categorical and Count Data. Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN 978-1-4987-2583-5.
^Smith, Alan (6 September 2017). "How to apply Marimekko to data". Financial Times. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
^"Marimekko Chart". Mekko Graphics. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
^Martin Theus; Simon Urbanek (23 March 2011). Interactive Graphics for Data Analysis: Principles and Examples. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-1106-7.
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