Analysis of the flows of mass into and out of a physical system
"Material balance" redirects here. For the method of economic planning, see Material balance planning. For the device used to compare two masses, see Weighing scale § Balance.
In physics, a mass balance, also called a material balance, is an application of conservation of mass[1] to the analysis of physical systems. By accounting for material entering and leaving a system, mass flows can be identified which might have been unknown, or difficult to measure without this technique. The exact conservation law used in the analysis of the system depends on the context of the problem, but all revolve around mass conservation, i.e., that matter cannot disappear or be created spontaneously.[2]: 59–62
Therefore, mass balances are used widely in engineering and environmental analyses. For example, mass balance theory is used to design chemical reactors, to analyse alternative processes to produce chemicals, as well as to model pollution dispersion and other processes of physical systems. Mass balances form the foundation of process engineering design. [3]Closely related and complementary analysis techniques include the population balance, energy balance and the somewhat more complex entropy balance. These techniques are required for thorough design and analysis of systems such as the refrigeration cycle.
In environmental monitoring, the term budget calculations is used to describe mass balance equations where they are used to evaluate the monitoring data (comparing input and output, etc.). In biology, the dynamic energy budget theory for metabolic organisation makes explicit use of mass and energy balance.
^Nandagopal, N. S. (2023). Chemical Engineering Principles and Applications. Springer.
^Himmelblau, David M. (1967). Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering (2nd ed.). Prentice Hall.
^Sinnott, R. K. (2005). Coulson & Richardson's chemical engineering (4th ed.). Amsterdam Paris: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-7506-6538-4.
In physics, a massbalance, also called a material balance, is an application of conservation of mass to the analysis of physical systems. By accounting...
A scale or balance is a device used to measure weight or mass. These are also known as mass scales, weight scales, massbalances, massometers and weight...
Crucial to the survival of a glacier is its massbalance of which surface massbalance (SMB), the difference between accumulation and ablation (sublimation...
universities are listed below. balance of massbalance of (linear) momentum balance of angular momentum balance of energy balance of entropy Maxwell-Faraday...
same as weight, even though mass is often determined by measuring the object's weight using a spring scale, rather than balance scale comparing it directly...
volcanic) A massbalance must be performed, and used along with Darcy's law, to arrive at the transient groundwater flow equation. This balance is analogous...
replenished by flow into that region. Glaciologists consider that trends in massbalance for glaciers are more fundamental than the advance or retreat of the...
An ice massbalance buoy (IMB) allows scientists studying sea ice to measure its temperature and the evolution of its interfaces remotely. The autonomous...
analytical concentration. In some texts, one massbalance equation is replaced by an equation of charge balance. This is satisfactory for simple cases like...
Engine balance refers to how the inertial forces produced by moving parts in an internal combustion engine or steam engine are neutralised with counterweights...
engineering, including those concerned with massbalance, energy balance, vapor-liquid equilibrium, heat transfer, mass transfer, chemical kinetics, fractionation...
resulting in changes in massbalance. A glacier with a sustained negative balance loses equilibrium and retreats. A sustained positive balance is also out of equilibrium...
(Precipitation-Temperature-Area-Altitude Glacier MassBalance) The PTAAGMB Model is used for calculating a glacier's massbalance, the primary indicator of its health...
In physics, the center of mass of a distribution of mass in space (sometimes referred to as the barycenter or balance point) is the unique point at any...
problems are solved by following the mass distribution of a given system over time; this methodology is known as massbalance. As early as 520 BCE, Jain philosophy...
best-case scenario, ice sheet under SSP1-2.6 gains enough mass by 2100 through surface massbalance feedbacks to reduce the sea levels by 2 cm (1 in). In...
An analytical balance (or chemical balance) is a class of balance designed to measure small mass in the sub-milligram range. The measuring pan of an analytical...
wide range of sediment sizes, and deposit it in moraines. The overall balance between sediment in transport and sediment being deposited on the bed is...
laboratory can calibrate a mass measurement instrument such as a Kibble balance as a primary standard for the kilogram mass. The kilogram was originally...
{\displaystyle H} is the enthalpy of the vapour By substituting the massbalance equation in above equation we get the following expression: V n = [ h...
kilogram unit of mass based on fundamental constants. It was originally called the watt balance because the weight of the test mass is proportional to...
and below the aileron. In addition to reducing the risk of flutter, massbalances also reduce the stick forces required to move the control surface in...
thirds of the administered dose, respectively, according to a Phase I mass-balance study with radiolabeled bilastine. Bilastine does not readily cross the...
(AP), due to the large differences in topography, ice flow, and glacier massbalance between the three regions. Because the East Antarctic ice sheet is over...
Southern Ocean to the Northern Hemisphere contributes to the global massbalance and permits the meridional circulation across the oceans. Several studies...
A tuned mass damper (TMD), also known as a harmonic absorber or seismic damper, is a device mounted in structures to reduce mechanical vibrations, consisting...
[consumption] Accumulation is 0 under steady state; therefore, the above massbalance can be re-written as follows: 1. F i ( x ) − F i ( x + d x ) + A t d...
a deficiency of the massbalance in particle accelerator experiments. This suggests that there must be a lower limit for the mass of black holes. Theoretically...
Global Information