Particulate solid matter that is deposited on the surface of land
Part of a series on
Sediments
By origin
Terrigenous (lithogenous)
Biogenous
Cosmogenous
Hydrogenous
By texture
Roundness
Sorting
Grain size
boulder
cobble
gravel
pebble
granule
sand
silt
clay
colloid
Other
oolite
scree
till
By composition
Manganese nodules
Oolitic aragonite sand
Tektites
By process
Sedimentation
Sedimentary budget
Sediment transport
coastal
Weathering
Erosion
Aeolian (windborne) transport
Biomineralization
Bioturbation
Compaction
Concretion
Exner equation
Fluvial processes
Glacier flow
ice-sheet dynamics
ice rafting
Lithification
Siltation
Turbidity currents
By structure
Sedimentary structures
Bedforms
cross-bedding
duness
graded bedding
ripple marks
Alluvial fan
Alluvial river
Fault
Fold
Paleocurrent indicators
sole markings
imbrication
River delta
Sediment–water interface
Sedimentary basin
Soft-sediment deformation
Unconformity
Vegetation-induced
Soil sediment
Soil
matrix
pore space
permeability
morphology
texture
value
color
Catena
Soil horizon
Humus
Humin
Soil salinity
Hydropedology
Mineralization
Microbial calcite precipitation
Marine sediment
Abyssal fan
Aragonite
aragonite sea
oolitic aragonite sand
Calcite
calcite sea
Amorphous calcium carbonate
Calcification
Continental rise
Bay mud
Bioirrigation
Coastal sediment transport
Coastal sediment supply
Evaporites
Marine clay
pelagic red clay
Marine regression
transgression
Pelagic
turbidite
contourite
hemipelagite
Salt tectonics
Sedimentary basin
Tidal bundle
Biogenous sediments
Calcareous ooze
biogenic calcification
calcareous nannoplankton
Siliceous ooze
biogenic silica
silicification
diatomaceous earth
radiolarite
Microfossil
Reverse weathering
Sedimentary ecology
Soil biomantle
Soil zoology
soil pathogens
Pedodiversity
Soil biodiversity
Rhizosphere
root microbiome
Sedimentary carbon
Soil carbon storage
Soil carbon
Coal
Peat
Sedimentary rock
Badlands
Carbonates
limestone
dolomite
Clastic
conglomerate
breccia
sandstone
mudrock
Evaporite
Chalk
Chert
Greywacke
Iron-rich
Organic-rich
Phosphorite
Siliceous
Related
History
geology
geological
paleontology
soil science
Legacy sediment
Principles
cross-cutting relationships
lateral continuity
original horizontality
Provenance
Sedimentary record
Sedimentology
Stratigraphy
Rock cycle
calcium
silica
carbonate-silicate
Paleolimnology
Biosignature
Category
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Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice or by the force of gravity acting on the particles. For example, sand and silt can be carried in suspension in river water and on reaching the sea bed deposited by sedimentation; if buried, they may eventually become sandstone and siltstone (sedimentary rocks) through lithification.
Sediments are most often transported by water (fluvial processes), but also wind (aeolian processes) and glaciers. Beach sands and river channel deposits are examples of fluvial transport and deposition, though sediment also often settles out of slow-moving or standing water in lakes and oceans. Desert sand dunes and loess are examples of aeolian transport and deposition. Glacial moraine deposits and till are ice-transported sediments.
Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of...
Sediment transport is the movement of solid particles (sediment), typically due to a combination of gravity acting on the sediment, and the movement of...
Pelagic sediment or pelagite is a fine-grained sediment that accumulates as the result of the settling of particles to the floor of the open ocean, far...
A sediment basin is a temporary pond built on a construction site to capture eroded or disturbed soil that is washed off during rain storms, and protect...
settle in place. The particles that form a sedimentary rock are called sediment, and may be composed of geological detritus (minerals) or biological detritus...
Marine sediment, or ocean sediment, or seafloor sediment, are deposits of insoluble particles that have accumulated on the seafloor. These particles either...
in the sediment as protection and may also have fed upon detritus or the mat of microbes which tended to grow on the surface of the sediment. Today,...
delta is a landform shaped like a triangle, created by the deposition of sediment that is carried by a river and enters slower-moving or stagnant water....
fluvial sediment processes or fluvial sediment transport are associated with rivers and streams and the deposits and landforms created by sediments. It can...
A sediment control is a practice or device designed to keep eroded soil on a construction site, so that it does not wash off and cause water pollution...
Sediment traps are instruments used in oceanography and limnology to measure the quantity of sinking particulate organic (and inorganic) material in aquatic...
Sedimental is an independent recording label based in Greenfield, Massachusetts releasing mainly experimental, sound art, noise, free jazz, avant garde...
associated erosion and deposition of sediments caused by glacial meltwater. Glaciers contain suspended sediment loads, much of which is initially picked...
Sedimentation is the deposition of sediments. It takes place when particles in suspension settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and come...
weathering which involves no movement. Removal of rock or soil as clastic sediment is referred to as physical or mechanical erosion; this contrasts with chemical...
current is a geological process that consists of the transportation of sediments (clay, silt, pebbles, sand, shingle, shells) along a coast parallel to...
characteristic of lacustrine deposits is that a river or stream channel has carried sediment into the basin. Lacustrine deposits form in all lake types including rift...
fluid, such as a river, is the portion of its sediment uplifted by the fluid's flow in the process of sediment transportation. It is kept suspended by the...
structures include all kinds of features in sediments and sedimentary rocks, formed at the time of deposition. Sediments and sedimentary rocks are characterized...
to sedimentary rocks and particles in sediment transport, whether in suspension or as bed load, and in sediment deposits. Clastic sedimentary rocks are...
concept of the 'sediment delivery ratio' (ratio between yield and total amount of sediment eroded) indicates that not all of the sediment is eroded within...
Rain dust or snow dust, traditionally known as muddy rain, red rain, or coloured rain, is a variety of rain (or any other form of precipitation) which...
refers to a viscous mixture of small particles derived from bile. These sediments consist of cholesterol crystals, calcium salts, calcium bilirubinate,...
to describe the composition of the cast. Various casts found in urine sediment may be classified as: Main types of urinary casts: The most common type...
increased concentration of suspended sediments and to the increased accumulation (temporary or permanent) of fine sediments on bottoms where they are undesirable...