British yacht Xantha in about 1890 In 1941 she was renamed Struma
History
Name
Xantha (1867–88)
Sölyst (1888–92)
Sea Maid (1892–1901)
Kafireus (1901–30)
Esperos (1930–33)
Makedoniya (1933–41)
Struma (1941–42)
Owner
The Marquess of Anglesey (1867– )
Thomas Chivers (1873– )
Viscount Macduff (1875– )
William Barneby (1877– )
Harry Edwards (1887– )
John Phipps (1895– )
DE Hadji Constanti & Bros (1901– )
Thrakiki Atmoploia (1916– )
Socratos Goumaris & Co ( –1930)
Giorgios Mylonas (1930–33)
Dimiter Nenkov (1933–41)
Jean D Pandelis (1941–42)
Port of registry
Newcastle (1867– )
Colchester (1871– )
Liverpool (1892– )
Syros (1901– )
Thessaloniki ( –1933)
1933–41
1941–42
Builder
Palmers SB & Iron Co
Yard number
217
Launched
23 June 1867
Completed
1867
Identification
UK official number 56071 (until 1901)
(as Esperos) code letters HQBN
Fate
Sunk by torpedo, 24 February 1942
General characteristics
Type
Steam yacht,
then Cargo ship
Tonnage
after 1901: 240 GRT; 158 NRT
Length
1867: 116.0 ft (35.4 m)
1875: lengthened to 134.0 ft (40.8 m)
1901: lengthened to 148.4 ft (45.2 m)
Beam
19.3 ft (5.9 m)
Draught
1867: 9.0 ft (2.7 m)
1901: 9.9 ft (3.0 m)
Installed power
1867: 40 NHP compound engine
1888: 49 NHP quadruple-expansion engine
1941: 3-cylinder diesel engine
Propulsion
single screw
Sail plan
three-masted schooner (as built)
Crew
10 (1941–42)
MV Struma was a small ship with a long history that included a number of changes of use and many changes of name. She was built in 1867 as a British marquess's luxury steam yacht and ended up 75 years later as a Greek and Bulgarian diesel ship for carrying livestock. She was launched as Xantha, but subsequently carried the names Sölyst, Sea Maid, Kafireus, Esperos, Makedoniya and finally Struma.[1][2]
As Struma she tried to take nearly 800 Jewish refugees from Romania to Palestine in December 1941. Turkey detained her in Istanbul because Britain refused to admit her passengers to Palestine. In February 1942 a Soviet submarine torpedoed and sank Struma in the Black Sea after Turkish authorities had towed her out to sea and cast her adrift.
^"Steamers & Motorships under 300 tons, Trawlers &c.". Lloyd's Register(PDF). Vol. 1. London: Lloyd's Register. 1932. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
^Allen, Tony; Lettens, Jan (22 December 2012). "SS Struma (Струма) (+1942)". WreckSite.eu. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
MVStruma was a small ship with a long history that included a number of changes of use and many changes of name. She was built in 1867 as a British marquess's...
The Struma disaster was the sinking on 24 February 1942 of a ship, MVStruma, which had been trying to take nearly 800 Jewish refugees from the Axis member...
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was the sole survivor of the Struma disaster, in which the Shch-213 torpedoed and sank the Holocaust refugee ship MVStruma in the Black Sea in the early...
Retrieved on 2011-06-17. Aroni, Samuel (2002–2007). "Who Perished on the Struma And How Many?". JewishGen.org. Israeli military decorations by campaign...
sealed. The 2002 documentary, directed by Jacobovici, tells the story of MVStruma, a small ship chartered to carry Jewish refugees from Axis-allied Romania...
immigrant boat to try to enter Palestine before the end of the war was MVStruma, torpedoed in the Black Sea by a Soviet Navy submarine in February 1942...
Palestine and was blamed for sending at least 768 Jewish refugees aboard MVStruma to their deaths. During his tenure, MacMichael was the target of seven...
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from 1941 to 1943; he also visited Turkey in 1942 and was there when the MVStruma, carrying Jewish refugees from Europe, sank, which he blamed on the Allies...
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ninety-one Romanian Jewish refugees and crew members are killed after the MVStruma is torpedoed by the Soviet Navy. 1942 – The Battle of Los Angeles: A false...
apartment in which he is hiding, tie him up and shoot him. 24 February – MVStruma, carrying Jewish refugees from Axis-allied Romania to Palestine, is torpedoed...
was commissioned. Struma disaster: With an estimated 781 Jewish refugees crammed aboard, the small Panamanian merchant ship MVStruma was torpedoed and...
Rohwer, Jürgen (1964). Die Versenkung der Judischen Flüchtlingstransporter Struma und Mefkura im Schwartzen Meer Feb. 1942–Aug. 1944 (in German). Frankfurt...
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from Romania attempting to reach Mandatory Palestine were killed in the Struma disaster after their ship sank in Turkish territorial waters. Referring...
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