The local structure is a term in nuclear spectroscopy that refers to the structure of the nearest neighbours around an atom in crystals and molecules. E.g. in crystals the atoms order in a regular fashion on wide ranges to form even gigantic highly ordered crystals (Naica Mine). However, in reality, crystals are never perfect and have impurities or defects, which means that a foreign atom resides on a lattice site or in between lattice sites (interstitials). These small defects and impurities cannot be seen by methods such as X-ray diffraction or neutron diffraction, because these methods average in their nature of measurement over a large number of atoms and thus are insensitive to effects in local structure. Methods in nuclear spectroscopy use specific nuclei as probe. The nucleus of an atom is about 10,000 to 150,000 times smaller than the atom itself. It experiences the electric fields created by the atom's electrons that surround the nucleus. In addition, the electric fields created by neighbouring atoms also influence the fields that the nucleus experiences. The interactions between the nucleus and these fields are called hyperfine interactions that influence the nucleus' properties. The nucleus therefore becomes very sensitive to small changes in its hyperfine structure, which can be measured by methods of nuclear spectroscopy, such as e.g. nuclear magnetic resonance, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and perturbed angular correlation.
With the same methods, the local magnetic fields in a crystal structure can also be probed and provide a magnetic local structure. This is of great importance for the understanding of defects in magnetic materials, which have wide range of applications such as modern magnetic materials or the giant magnetoresistance effect, that is used in materials in the reader heads of harddrives.
Research of the local structure of materials has become an important tool for the understanding of properties especially in functional materials, such as used in electronics, chips, batteries, semiconductors, or solar cells. Many of those materials are defect materials and their specific properties are controlled by defects.
The localstructure is a term in nuclear spectroscopy that refers to the structure of the nearest neighbours around an atom in crystals and molecules....
In atomic physics, hyperfine structure is defined by small shifts in otherwise degenerate electronic energy levels and the resulting splittings in those...
The Richat Structure, or Guelb er Richât (Arabic: قلب الريشات Qalb ar-Rīšāt), is a prominent circular geological feature in the Adrar Plateau of the Sahara...
This is a list of the largest cosmic structures so far discovered. The unit of measurement used is the light-year (distance traveled by light in one Julian...
arrangement in the secondary structure of proteins. It is also the most extreme type of localstructure, and it is the localstructure that is most easily predicted...
form of the Radon–Nikodym theorem. A volume form on a manifold has no localstructure in the sense that it is not possible on small open sets to distinguish...
larger local value for the Hubble constant, a cosmological measure of how fast the universe expands. Some authors have proposed the structure as the cause...
May 2022. "Local government structure and elections". UK Government. Retrieved 7 May 2022. "The General Power of Competence" (PDF). Local government Association...
acetylation also alters local chromatin structure and therefore gene expression. There is limited understanding of chromatin structure and it is active area...
In mathematics, the structure tensor, also referred to as the second-moment matrix, is a matrix derived from the gradient of a function. It describes...
crystallography, crystal structure is a description of ordered arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline material. Ordered structures occur from intrinsic...
tertiary structure from primary structure. Structure prediction is different from the inverse problem of protein design. Protein structure prediction...
Western Australia structure plans are commonly prepared at subregional, district and local levels. Typically, subregional structure plans are informed...
In corporate finance, capital structure refers to the mix of various forms of external funds, known as capital, used to finance a business. It consists...
In the social sciences, social structure is the aggregate of patterned social arrangements in society that are both emergent from and determinant of the...
Center-of-mass frame Frame bundle Inertial frame of reference Local coordinates Local spacetime structure Lorentz covariance Minkowski space Normal coordinates...
In computing, a directory structure is the way an operating system arranges files that are accessible to the user. Files are typically displayed in a...
Protein tertiary structure is the three-dimensional shape of a protein. The tertiary structure will have a single polypeptide chain "backbone" with one...
who subsequently won the Nobel prize in 2011. However, the specific localstructure of these materials is still poorly understood. Several methods for...
Protein secondary structure is the local spatial conformation of the polypeptide backbone excluding the side chains. The two most common secondary structural...
more polymer structures based on their shape and three-dimensional conformation. This process is usually applied to protein tertiary structures but can also...
csearockland.org Archived 2011-07-25 at the Wayback Machine, CSEA LocalStructure. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Civil Service Employees Association...
In structural engineering, a tensile structure is a construction of elements carrying only tension and no compression or bending. The term tensile should...
ribozymes, and riboswitches. These complex structures are facilitated by the fact that RNA backbone has less local flexibility than DNA but a large set of...
allowed the construction of 3D images of the localstructure of the cosmos. This led to the identification of a local supercluster named the Laniakea Supercluster...
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