This is a list of wars involving Syria since independence, including periods of the Arab Kingdom of Syria (1920), Mandatory Syrian Republic, Syrian Republic (1946–63), United Arab Republic (1958–61) and Ba'athist Syria.
Conflict
Syria and allies
Opponents
Outcome
Head of State
Franco-Syrian War (1920)
Syria
France
Defeat
Establishment of French Mandate of Syria
King Faisal
Great Syrian Revolt (1925–1927)
Syrian rebels
France
Defeat
Revolt crushed
None[1]
Levant Crisis (1945)
Syria
France
Victory
British-enforced ceasefire[2]
Shukri al-Quwatli
First Arab–Israeli War (1948–1949)
Egypt Iraq Transjordan Syria Lebanon Saudi Arabia HWA ALA
Israel
Defeat
1949 Armistice Agreements
Israel kept the area allotted to it by the Partition Plan and captured 50% of area allotted to Arab state
First Iraqi–Kurdish War (1963–1970)
Iraq Syria
KDP
Stalemate
Iraqi–Kurdish Autonomy Agreement of 1970
Lu'ay al-Atassi
Six-Day War (1967)
Egypt Syria Jordan Iraq Lebanon
Israel
Defeat
Israel captured the Gaza Strip, Sinai, the West Bank and the Golan Heights
Nureddin al-Atassi
Black September (1970)
PLO Syria
Jordan
Defeat
PLO expelled to Lebanon, Syrian raid repelled
October War (1973)
Egypt Syria Iraq Jordan Algeria Morocco Saudi Arabia Cuba
LNM (until 1976) PLO (1976 and 1985) LF SLA IsraelUnited States France Italy United Kingdom Hezbollah (1987)
Victory
Syrian occupation of Lebanon until 2005
Taif Agreement
Disarmament of Lebanese militias and Maronite influence in politics decreased
Israeli occupation of South Lebanon until 2000
Gulf War (1990–1991)
Kuwait United States United Kingdom Saudi Arabia France Canada Egypt Syria Oman Pakistan United Arab Emirates Qatar Australia
Iraq
Victory
Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait
Emir Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah restored
Heavy casualties and destruction of Iraqi and Kuwaiti infrastructure
Syrian civil war (2011–present)
Syria Iraq (2017–19)
Russia Hezbollah Iran
Syrian Opposition Turkey Ahrar al-Sham Tahrir al-ShamISIL Northern Syria CJTF–OIR
United States
Canada
United Kingdom
France
Germany
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Jordan
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
Morocco
Australia
Netherlands
Belgium
Denmark
Norway
Ongoing
Countrywide civil war
American-led intervention against ISIL and Tahrir al-Sham
Russian intervention against ISIL and the Syrian opposition
Turkish operation against SDF and the Syrian government
Bashar al-Assad
^The revolt was effectively led by Sultan al-Atrash
^Wall, Irwin M. The United States and the Making of Postwar France, 1945–1954, pp. 32–33. Cambridge University Press, 1991.
^References:
Herzog, The War of Atonement, Little, Brown and Company, 1975. Forward
Insight Team of the London Sunday Times, Yom Kippur War, Doubleday and Company, Inc, 1974, page 450
Luttwak and Horowitz, The Israeli Army. Cambridge, MA, Abt Books, 1983
Rabinovich, The Yom Kippur War, Schocken Books, 2004. Page 498
0-313-31302-4&lr=#v=onepage&q=&f=false Revisiting The Yom Kippur War, P.R. Kumaraswamy, pages 1–2
Johnson and Tierney, Failing To Win, Perception of Victory and Defeat in International Politics. Page 177
Charles Liebman, The Myth of Defeat: The Memory of the Yom Kippur war in Israeli Society[permanent dead link]Middle Eastern Studies, Vol 29, No. 3, July 1993. Published by Frank Cass, London. Page 411.
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