List of Turkish operations in northern Iraq information
Turkish operations in Northern Iraq
Part of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict; Iraqi Kurdish Civil War
Date
1983–present
Location
Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Result
Ongoing
Belligerents
Turkey
Previous: KDP (1992, 1995, 1997)[1][2]
PUK (1992)[1][2]
PKK YBŞ PJAK[3]
Previous:
PUK (1997)[4]
Casualties and losses
400+ killed[5]
8,000+ killed 1,700 captured,[5]
6,800+ displaced[6]
v
t
e
Kurdish–Turkish conflict
Timeline
First insurgency
1984
Karageçit
N Iraq (1986)
Ortabağ
N Iraq (1987)
Pınarcık
Yeşilova
Taşdelen
Şırnak
Kulp
N Iraq (1992)
Bingöl
Başbağlar
Lice
Winter campaign
Steel
Tokat
Hawk
Tunceli
Varto
Sazak
Hammer
Dawn
Murat
Istanbul
Blue Market
Second insurgency
Hakkâri (2007)
N Iraq (2007)
Ankara
Aktütün
Diyarbakır
Sun
Reşadiye
İskenderun
Hakkâri
Istanbul
2011 border raid
Hakkâri (2011)
Roboski
Hakkâri (2012)
Beytüşşebap
Şemdinli
Third insurgency
Ceylanpınar
Siirt bombing
Martyr Yalçın
Police raids
Arslan Kulaksız
Şırnak
Cizre (2015)
Cizre (2016)
Kandil
Hakkari
Silvan
Sur
Lice
Dürümlü
2015 airport bombing
Ankara (Feb 2016)
Ankara (Mar 2016)
Bursa
Istanbul (Jun 2016)
Istanbul (Oct 2016)
Istanbul (Dec 2016)
N Iraq (2016)
Elazığ
Cizre
Euphrates Shield
Şemdinli
Kayseri
İzmir
Airstrikes in Syria & Iraq
Olive Branch
Siirt raid
Sinjar (2018)
Gercüş
Claw
Peace Spring
Claw-Eagle & Claw-Tiger
İskenderun
Claw-Eagle 2
Claw-Lightning & Thunderbolt
Sinjar (2021)
Claw-Lock
Zakho
Istanbul (2022)
Claw-Sword
Syria (2023 June)
Ankara (2023)
Syria (2023 Oct)
Serhildan
1990
1991
1992
1999
2001
2005
2006
2008
2009
2011–2012
2014
Peace process and peace efforts
1991–2004 Kurdish–Turkish peace initiatives
1993 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire
2013–2015 Solution process
Others
Assassinations
v
t
e
Iraqi Kurdish Civil War
May 1994 clashes
Zakho
1995 offensive
1996 Iranian raid
Erbil
Erbil massacre
Desert Strike
Hammer
Dawn
The Kurdish-Turkish conflict spilled over into Iraqi Kurdistan in 1983,[7] and has continued there intermittently since. The Turkish Armed Forces has launched a series of operations in Northern Iraq against the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK).[8] More than 37,000 people have been killed in the conflict since 1984.[9]
The operations resulted in a permanent Turkish presence in northern Iraq since 2018.[10] The Iraqi government at one time viewed these operations as a violation of Iraq's sovereignty,[11] with President Barham Salih demanding from Turkey their end, and the withdrawal of all of the Turkish armed forces from his country's territory.[12]
Date
Operation
TAF Fatalities (Wounded)
PKK Fatalities (Captured)
5 October 1992 – 15 November 1992
Operation Northern Iraq
28 (125)
1,551 (1,232)
20 March 1995 – 4 May 1995
Operation Steel
64 (185)
555 (13)
12 May 1997 – 7 July 1997
Operation Hammer
114 (338)
2,730 (418)
25 September 1997 – 15 October 1997
Operation Dawn
31 (91)
865 (37)
21 February 2008 – 29 February 2008
Operation Sun
27[13][14][15]
240
25 April 2017
2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq
0
33
28 May 2019 – 14 June 2020
Operation Claw
17[16]
417[17]
17 April 2022 – Present
Operation Claw Lock
83
995
Total:
282 (739)
6,417 (2,700)
^ abIraq – Kurds (1961 – first combat deaths) Archived 2007-06-20 at the Wayback Machine, January 2005
^ abTurkey (1984–2002) Archived 2011-02-07 at the Wayback Machine, March 2003
^"Page 2" (PDF). Retrieved 29 May 2023.
^"The Arab Spring, ITS Effects on the Kurds, and the Approaches of Turkey, Iran, Syria, and Iraq on the Kurdish Issue". Archived from the original on 17 September 2012. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
^ ab"Ve Sonuç". Hürriyet. Retrieved 11 October 2007.
^"Timeline Turkey 1962-2008". Archived from the original on 23 December 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2011.
^"Irak'a yapılan en büyük kara harekatı". Archived from the original on 14 January 2015.
^"Council Decision", Council of the European Union, December 21, 2005
^"Kurdish rebels kill Turkey troops". BBC News. 8 April 2007. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
^Yousif Ismael (18 May 2020). "Turkey's Growing Military Presence in the Kurdish Region of Iraq". Washington Institute. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
^Hermann, Rainer. "Operation im Nordirak: Bagdad erzürnt über türkische Offensive gegen die PKK". Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (in German). ISSN 0174-4909. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
^"Iraq's president says Turkey's offensive into KRG 'a threat to our national security'". Bianet. 19 April 2022.
^"Twenty-five killed in clashes between Turkish soldiers, PKK - Monster…". Archived from the original on 4 September 2012.
^"38 killed in PKK attack on Turkish border posts - Thaindian News". Archived from the original on 14 August 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
^"Armed Conflicts Report - Turkey". Archived from the original on 7 February 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
^2 killed (30 May 2019),[1] 1 killed (19 July 2019 per turkey),[2] 3 killed (25 Aug. 2019),[3] 2 killed (23 Sep. 2019),[4] 1 died (28 Oct. 2019),[5] 1 killed (2 Dec. 2019),[6] 2 killed (2 Jan. 2020),[7] 2 killed (14 Jan. 2020),[8] 2 killed (25 March 2020),[9] 1 killed (15 April 2020),[10] total of 17 reported killed
^"New phase begins in Turkey's northern Iraq operation". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
and 22 Related for: List of Turkish operations in northern Iraq information
The operations resulted in a permanent Turkish presence innorthernIraq since 2018. The Iraqi government at one time viewed these operations as a violation...
This is a listof coalition military operationsof the Iraq War, undertaken by Multi-National Force – Iraq. The list covers operations from 2003 until...
This is a listof missions, operations, and projects. Missions in support of other missions are not listed independently. See also Listof military engagements...
Turkish attack on Hakurk Camp (Turkish: Ekim 1992 Hakurk Kampı saldırısı) was a cross-border operation by the Turkish Armed Forces into northernIraq...
Following is a listof destinations Turkish Airlines and Turkish Airlines Cargo fly to as part of scheduled services, as of June 2024[update]. The list includes...
The Iraqi Turkmen (also spelled as Turkoman and Turcoman; Turkish: Irak Türkmenleri), also referred to as Iraqi Turks, Turkish-Iraqis, the Turkish minority...
Islamic State, in both the Syrian Civil War and the War inIraq (2013–2017), in response to its rapid territorial gains from its 2014 NorthernIraq offensives...
reinforcing operationsinNorthernIraq, the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable), serving as Landing Force Sixth Fleet, deployed in April...
February, when Turkey launched a ground attack into the Quandeel Mountains ofNorthernIraq. In the nine-day-long operation, around 10,000 Turkish troops advanced...
(Iraqi parliamentary elections in 2014, ISIL Operations, Iraq's and Turkmens' Near Future)" (PDF). ORSAM-Middle Eastern Turkmen Programme (inTurkish)...
between Iraq and a 42-country coalition led by the United States. The coalition's efforts against Iraq were carried out in two key phases: Operation Desert...
The Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), formerly known as the Turkish Petroleum Company (TPC), is an oil company that had a virtual monopoly on all oil exploration...
Turkey to probe violations innorthern Syria". UN News. 18 September 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2021. "Iraq's Turkmen back Turkish military operationin Syria"...
The Turkish Armed Forces and its ally the Syrian National Army have occupied areas ofnorthern Syria since August 2016, during the Syrian Civil War. Though...
intervention in the Syrian civil war Russian military intervention in the Syrian civil war Turkish military intervention in Syria Iranian intervention inIraq (2014–present)...
course of the conflict, Kurdish factions from Iran and Turkey, as well as Iranian, Iraqi and Turkish forces, were drawn into the fighting, with additional...
Turkmeni towards Turkish, and the preferable language for adolescents associating with the Turkish culture. Christianity has a presence inIraq dating to the...
Syria following an attack on Turkish soldiers inIraq which killed nine. 23 January – The Grand National Assembly ofTurkey approves Sweden's NATO membership...
Global Information
PUK (1992)[1][2]
