This article is about the Marshal of the People's Republic of China. For the politician of the Republic of China, see Lin Biao (born 1889).
In this Chinese name, the family name is Lin.
Marshal
Lin Biao
林彪
Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party
In office 25 May 1958 – 13 September 1971
Chairman
Mao Zedong
First Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party
In office 1 August 1966 – 13 September 1971
Chairman
Mao Zedong
Preceded by
Liu Shaoqi
Succeeded by
Zhou Enlai (1973)
2nd First Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China
In office 21 December 1964 – 13 September 1971
Premier
Zhou Enlai
Preceded by
Chen Yun
Succeeded by
Deng Xiaoping
Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China
In office 15 September 1954 – 13 September 1971
Premier
Zhou Enlai
2nd Minister of National Defense
In office 17 September 1959 – 13 September 1971
Premier
Zhou Enlai
Preceded by
Peng Dehuai
Succeeded by
Ye Jianying
Personal details
Born
Lin Yurong
(1907-12-05)5 December 1907 Huanggang, Hubei, Qing Empire
Died
13 September 1971(1971-09-13) (aged 63) Öndörkhaan, Mongolian People's Republic
Political party
Chinese Communist Party (1927–1971)
Spouse(s)
Zhang Mei [zh] (1937–42) Ye Qun (1942–71)
Children
Lin Xiaolin [zh] (daughter) Lin Liguo (son) Lin Liheng (daughter)
Alma mater
Whampoa Military Academy
Nicknames
Chief Lin (林总; Lín zǒng)
"The Eagle of the Red Army" (红军之鹰; Hóng jūn zhī yīng)
101 (military call sign)
Military service
Allegiance
People's Republic of China
Branch/service
People's Liberation Army Ground Force
Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army
National Revolutionary Army
Years of service
1925–1971
Rank
Marshal of the People's Republic of China
Lieutenant general (NRA)
Commands
1st Corps
1st Red Army Corps, Chinese Red Army
115 Division, 8th Route Army
People's Liberation Army
Awards
Order of Bayi (first class)
Order of Independence and Freedom (first class)
Order of Liberation (first class)
Lin Biao
"Lin Biao" in regular Chinese characters
Chinese
林彪
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Lín Biāo
Wade–Giles
Lin2 Piao1
IPA
[lǐn pjáʊ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Làhm Bīu
Jyutping
Lam4 Biu1
IPA
[lɐm˩ piːu˥]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ
Lîm Piu
Lin Biao (Chinese: 林彪; 5 December 1907 – 13 September 1971) was a Chinese politician and Marshal of the People's Republic of China who was pivotal in the Communist victory during the Chinese Civil War, especially in Northeast China from 1946 to 1949. Lin was the general who commanded the decisive Liaoshen and Pingjin campaigns, in which he co-led the Manchurian Field Army to victory and led the People's Liberation Army into Beijing. He crossed the Yangtze River in 1949, decisively defeated the Kuomintang and took control of the coastal provinces in Southeast China. He ranked third among the Ten Marshals. Zhu De and Peng Dehuai were considered senior to Lin, and Lin ranked directly ahead of He Long and Liu Bocheng.
Lin abstained from taking an active role in politics after the war ceased in 1949. He led a section of the government's civil bureaucracy as one of the co-serving Vice Premiers of the People's Republic of China from 1954 onwards, becoming First Vice Premier from 1964. Lin became more active in politics when named one of the co-serving Vice Chairmen of the Chinese Communist Party in 1958. He held the three responsibilities of Vice Premier, Vice Chairman and Minister of National Defense from 1959 onwards. To date, Lin is the longest serving Minister of National Defense of the People's Republic of China. Lin became instrumental in creating the foundations for Mao Zedong's cult of personality in the early 1960s, and was rewarded for his service in the Cultural Revolution by being named Mao's designated successor as the sole Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, from 1966 until his death.
Lin died on 13 September 1971, when a Hawker Siddeley Trident he was aboard crashed in Öndörkhaan in Mongolia. The exact events of this "Lin Biao incident" have been a source of speculation ever since. The Chinese government's official explanation is that Lin and his family attempted to flee following a botched coup against Mao. Others have argued that they fled out of fear they would be purged, as Lin's relationship with other Communist Party leaders had soured in the final few years of his life. Following Lin's death, he was officially condemned as a traitor by the Communist Party. Since the late 1970s, Lin and the wife of Mao, Jiang Qing, (along with the other members of the Gang of Four) have been labeled the two major "counter-revolutionary forces" of the Cultural Revolution, receiving official blame from the Chinese government for the worst excesses of that period.
LinBiao (Chinese: 林彪; 5 December 1907 – 13 September 1971) was a Chinese politician and Marshal of the People's Republic of China who was pivotal in the...
The LinBiao incident (Chinese: 九一三事件) was a plane crash at 3 a.m. on 13 September 1971 involving LinBiao, the Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communist...
agreement, but Defense Minister LinBiao staunchly defended Mao. A brief period of liberalisation followed while Mao and Lin plotted a comeback. Liu Shaoqi...
a coup d'état against Chairman Mao Zedong in 1971 by the supporters of LinBiao, then Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party. In Chinese, the numbers...
factions, precipitating armed clashes among the radicals. After the fall of LinBiao in 1971, the Gang of Four became influential in 1972, and the Revolution...
Lin Liguo (Chinese: 林立果; 23 December 1945 – 13 September 1971) was the son of Chinese marshal LinBiao. He was the alleged leader of Project 571, a coup...
000 Red Guards and onlookers below. The rally was led by Chen Boda and LinBiao gave a keynote speech. Red Guard leaders, led by Nie Yuanzi, also gave...
Chiang's attempts to capture it, and his successes were rivaled only by LinBiao. Peng participated in the Long March, and supported Mao Zedong at the Zunyi...
Revolution's later stages. Mao's health began to decline in 1971, and LinBiao fell into disgrace and later died in a plane crash. Amid these events,...
and the sole Vice Chairman of the party, LinBiao, was killed in an air crash. According to official reports, Lin was trying to flee from China after a failed...
director of the Central Cultural Revolution Group. She collaborated with LinBiao to advance Mao's view of Communist ideology as well as Mao's cult of personality...
traitor to the revolution; he was displaced as Vice Chairman of the CCP by LinBiao in July 1966. By 1967, Liu and his wife Wang Guangmei were placed under...
葉群; pinyin: Yè Qún; 2 December 1917 – 13 September 1971) was the wife of LinBiao, the Vice Chairman of Chinese Communist Party who controlled China's military...
across the bridge. On the morning of May 28, 1935, the 4th regiment of LinBiao's 2nd division, 1st Corps of the Chinese Red Army, received an urgent order...
Congress stipulated that "Comrade LinBiao is Comrade Mao Zedong's close comrade-in-arms and successor." Kang Sheng and LinBiao were not close allies, although...
their best field commanders in charge: Du Yuming for the nationalists and LinBiao for the CCP. Attackers: nationalist order of battle: New 1st Army New 6th...
to his portfolio in 1946 (then under the overall leadership of General LinBiao and Political Commissar Peng Zhen). During the middle of the 1940s, Chen...
forces in the Northeast were renamed as the Northeast Field Army with LinBiao as the commander. The Nationalist forces were indecisive in responding...
wife, the hypochondriac Jiang Qing, Mao's complaining daughter Li Na, and LinBiao, whom the book says was mentally unstable. The book also discusses the...
all the Chinese military forces in his theatre of operations, including LinBiao's 115th Division of the Communist 8th Route Army, Liu Ruming's ex-Kuomintang...
prominent was LinBiao, until his purported defection from China and death in a plane crash in 1971. Chen Boda is often classed as a member of Lin's faction...
Congress. The Congress was a significant moment, held following the fall of LinBiao and the amidst continuation of the Cultural Revolution. It elected the...
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