Chinese Nationalist troops that fled to Burma in 1950
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Kuomintang in Burma
Traditional Chinese
泰緬孤軍
Simplified Chinese
泰缅孤军
Literal meaning
Thailand–Burma orphaned army
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Tài-Miǎn gūjūn
Alternative Chinese name
Traditional Chinese
泰北孤軍
Simplified Chinese
泰北孤军
Literal meaning
Northern Thailand orphaned army
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Tàiběi gūjūn
Second alternative Chinese name
Traditional Chinese
雲南人民反共志願軍
Simplified Chinese
云南人民反共志愿军
Literal meaning
Yunnan anti-communist national salvation army
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Yúnnán rénmín fǎngòng zhìyuànjūn
v
t
e
Campaigns of the Chinese Civil War
Outline of the Chinese Civil War
First Phase (1927–1937)
Autumn Harvest Uprising
Encirclement campaigns
Long March
Resumption of hostilities (1945–1949)
Operation Beleaguer
Northeast China
Liaoshen
Huaihai
Pingjin
Yangtze River
Shanghai
Hainan
Guningtou
Wanshan
Aftermath
Xinjiang
Kuomintang Islamic insurgency
China–Burma border
Cross-strait conflict
The Kuomintang in Burma or Kuomintang in the Golden Triangle were Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist) troops that fled from China to Burma in 1950 after their defeat by the Chinese communists in the Chinese Civil War.[1] They were commanded by General Li Mi. It attempted several incursions into Yunnan in the early 1950s, only to be pushed back into Burma each time by the Chinese Communist Party's People's Liberation Army.
The entire campaign, with logistical support from the Republic of China which had retreated to Taiwan, the United States, and Thailand, was controversial from the start, as it weakened Burmese sovereignty and introduced the KMT's involvement in the region's lucrative opium trade. In 1953, the frustrated Burmese government appealed to the United Nations and put international pressure on the Republic of China to withdraw its troops to Taiwan the following year. As a result, the United States initiated a Four-Nation Military Commission (Burma, the United States, the Republic of China, and Thailand) to negotiate the KMT withdrawal. On 30 May 1954, General Li Mi announced the dissolution of the Yunnan Province Anticommunist National Salvation Army. However, 6,000 irregular KMT troops remained in Burma. Fighting continued sporadically from the irregular troops until coordinated military operations from 1960 to 1961 between the PRC and Burmese governments expelled the remaining irregular KMT troops from Burma. Though most were evacuated to Taiwan, some remained in Burma or formed communities in Thailand.
^Qin, Amy (14 January 2015). "In Remote Thai Villages, Legacy of China's Lost Army Endures". The New York Times. Retrieved 19 November 2015.
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