German diplomat, Reichsminister of Foreign Affairs
Konstantin von Neurath
Neurath as a Reichsprotektor in 1939
Reichsminister of Foreign Affairs
In office 1 June 1932 – 4 February 1938
President
Paul von Hindenburg Adolf Hitler (as Führer)
Chancellor
Franz von Papen Kurt von Schleicher Adolf Hitler
Preceded by
Heinrich Brüning
Succeeded by
Joachim von Ribbentrop
Protector of Bohemia and Moravia
In office 21 March 1939 – 24 August 1943
Appointed by
Adolf Hitler
Preceded by
Office established
Succeeded by
Wilhelm Frick
Personal details
Born
Konstantin Hermann Karl von Neurath
(1873-02-02)2 February 1873 Kleinglattbach, Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire
Died
14 August 1956(1956-08-14) (aged 83) Enzweihingen, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany
Nationality
German
Political party
Nazi Party
Spouse
Marie Auguste Moser von Filseck
(m. 1901)
Children
2
Alma mater
Friedrich Wilhelm University University of Tübingen
Occupation
Diplomat
Profession
Lawyer
Cabinet
Hitler Cabinet
Signature
Military service
Allegiance
German Empire
Branch/service
Imperial German Army
Years of service
1914–1916
Unit
Grenadier Regiment "Queen Olga" (26th Division)
Battles/wars
World War I
Awards
Iron Cross, 1st class Wound Badge
Criminal conviction
Criminal status
Deceased
Conviction(s)
Conspiracy to commit crimes against peace Crimes of aggression War crimes Crimes against humanity
Trial
Nuremberg trials
Criminal penalty
15 years imprisonment
Konstantin Hermann Karl Freiherr[1] von Neurath (2 February 1873 – 14 August 1956) was a German diplomat and Nazi war criminal who served as Foreign Minister of Germany between 1932 and 1938.
Born to a Swabian noble family, Neurath began his diplomatic career in 1901. He fought in World War I and was awarded the Iron Cross for his service. After the war, Neurath served as minister to Denmark, ambassador to Italy and ambassador to Britain. In 1932, he was appointed Foreign Minister by Chancellor Franz von Papen, and he continued to hold the post under Adolf Hitler.
In the early years of the Nazi regime, Neurath was regarded as playing a key role in Hitler's foreign policy pursuits in undermining the Treaty of Versailles and in territorial expansion in the prelude to World War II. However, he was often averse to Hitler's aims for tactical, not necessarily ideological, reasons. That aversion eventually induced Hitler to replace Neurath in 1938 with the more compliant Joachim von Ribbentrop, a fervent Nazi. Neurath served as Reich Protector of Bohemia and Moravia between 1939 and 1943, but his authority was only nominal after September 1941.
Neurath was tried as a war criminal at the Nuremberg trials and was sentenced to 15 years in prison for his compliance and actions in Nazi Germany. He received an early release in 1954 and then retired to his family estate, where he died two years later.
^Regarding personal names: Freiherr is a former title (translated as Baron). In Germany since 1919, it forms part of family names. The feminine forms are Freifrau and Freiin.
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