Process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization
Not to be confused with Content management or Information management.
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Knowledge management (KM) is the collection of methods relating to creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization.[1] It refers to a multidisciplinary approach to achieve organizational objectives by making the best use of knowledge.[2]
An established discipline since 1991,[3] KM includes courses taught in the fields of business administration, information systems, management, library, and information science.[3][4] Other fields may contribute to KM research, including information and media, computer science, public health and public policy.[5] Several universities offer dedicated master's degrees in knowledge management.
Many large companies, public institutions, and non-profit organisations have resources dedicated to internal KM efforts, often as a part of their business strategy, IT, or human resource management departments.[6] Several consulting companies provide advice regarding KM to these organizations.[6]
Knowledge management efforts typically focus on organisational objectives such as improved performance, competitive advantage, innovation, the sharing of lessons learned, integration, and continuous improvement of the organisation.[7] These efforts overlap with organizational learning and may be distinguished from that by a greater focus on the management of knowledge as a strategic asset and on encouraging the sharing of knowledge.[2][8] KM is an enabler of organizational learning.[9][10]
The most complex scenario for knowledge management may be found in the context of supply chain as it involves multiple companies without an ownership relationship or hierarchy between them, being called by some authors as transorganizational or interorganizational knowledge. That complexity is additionally increased by industry 4.0 (or 4th industrial revolution) and digital transformation, as new challenges emerge from both the volume and speed of information flows and knowledge generation.[11]
^Girard, John P.; Girard, JoAnn L. (2015). "Defining knowledge management: Toward an applied compendium" (PDF). Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management. 3 (1): 14. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-10-24. Retrieved 2016-09-24.
^ ab"Introduction to Knowledge Management". www.unc.edu. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Archived from the original on March 19, 2007. Retrieved 11 September 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^ abNonaka, Ikujiro (1991). "The knowledge creating company" (PDF). Harvard Business Review. 69 (6): 96–104. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2019-08-30.
^Nonaka, Ikujiro; von Krogh, Georg (2009). "Tacit Knowledge and Knowledge Conversion: Controversy and Advancement in Organizational Knowledge Creation Theory". Organization Science. 20 (3): 635–652. doi:10.1287/orsc.1080.0412. S2CID 9157692.
^Bellinger, Gene. "Mental Model Musings". Systems Thinking Blog. Archived from the original on 28 December 2018. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
^ abAddicot, Rachael; McGivern, Gerry; Ferlie, Ewan (2006). "Networks, Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management: NHS Cancer Networks". Public Money & Management. 26 (2): 87–94. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9302.2006.00506.x. S2CID 154227002.
^Gupta, Jatinder; Sharma, Sushil (2004). Creating Knowledge Based Organizations. Boston: Idea Group Publishing. ISBN 978-1-59140-163-6.
^Maier, R. (2007). Knowledge Management Systems: Information And Communication Technologies for Knowledge Management (3rd ed.). Berlin: Springer. ISBN 9783540714088.
^Sanchez, R (1996) Strategic Learning and Knowledge Management, Wiley, Chichester
^Sanchez, R. (1996). Strategic Learning and Knowledge Management. Chichester: Wiley.
^Sartori, Jeanfrank (2021). "Organizational Knowledge Management in the Context of Supply Chain 4.0: A Systematic Literature Review and Conceptual Model Proposal". Knowledge and Process Management: 32. Archived from the original on 2021-06-27. Retrieved 2021-06-27 – via Wiley.
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