Khams (Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan in China) Bhutan
Native speakers
2 million (2022)[1]
Language family
Sino-Tibetan
Tibeto-Burman
Tibeto-Kanauri (?)
Bodish
Tibetic
Khams Tibetan
Writing system
Tibetan script
Language codes
ISO 639-3
Variously: khg – Khams kbg – Khamba tsk – Tseku
Glottolog
kham1299
ELP
Khamba
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Khams Tibetan (Tibetan: ཁམས་སྐད, Wylie: Khams skad, THL: Khamké) is the Tibetic language used by the majority of the people in Kham. Khams is one of the three branches of the traditional classification of Tibetic languages (the other two being Amdo Tibetan and Ü-Tsang).[2] In terms of mutual intelligibility, Khams could communicate at a basic level with the Ü-Tsang branch (including Lhasa Tibetan).[2]
Both Khams Tibetan and Lhasa Tibetan evolve to not preserve the word-initial consonant clusters,[3] which makes them very far from Classical Tibetan, especially when compared to the more conservative Amdo Tibetan.[4][5] Also, Kham and Lhasa Tibetan evolved to be tonal, which Classical Tibetan was not.[3] Khams Tibetan has 80% lexical similarity with Central Tibetan.[6]
^Khams at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) Khamba at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) Tseku at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ abGelek, Konchok (2017). "Variation, contact, and change in language: Varieties in Yul shul (northern Khams)". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (245): 91-92.
^ abHaller, Felix (1999). "A bref comparison of register tone in central tibetan and kham tibetan" (PDF). Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 22 (2). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-16.
^Makley, Charlene; Dede, Keith; Hua, Kan; Wang, Qingshan (1999). "The Amdo Dialect of Labrang" (PDF). Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 22 (1): 101. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-05.
^Reynolds, Jermay J. (2012). Language variation and change in an Amdo Tibetan village: Gender, education and resistance(PDF) (PhD thesis). Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University. p. 19-21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-12.
^"China". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Nineteenth Edition. 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-09-09. Retrieved 2023-04-10.
KhamsTibetan (Tibetan: ཁམས་སྐད, Wylie: Khams skad, THL: Khamké) is the Tibetic language used by the majority of the people in Kham. Khams is one of the...
southern and northern Khams dialects. These continua are spread across five countries with one exception, this being Sangdam, a Khams dialect in Kachin,...
Kham (Tibetan: ཁམས་, Wylie: khams; Chinese: 康; pinyin: Kāng) is one of the three traditional Tibetan regions, the others being Amdo in the northeast, and...
(including Lhasa Tibetan). Amdo Tibetan has 70% lexical similarity with Central Tibetan and KhamsTibetan. The nomad dialect of Amdo Tibetan is closer to...
the Central Tibetan branch (the other two being KhamsTibetan and Amdo Tibetan). In terms of mutual intelligibility, speakers of KhamsTibetan are able to...
classifies Tseku with Khams. Central Tibetan has 70% lexical similarity with Amdo Tibetan and 80% lexical similarity with KhamsTibetan. Qu & Jing (2017)...
limited mutual intelligibility, mostly in basic vocabulary and grammar. KhamsTibetan is spoken by about 1,000 people in two enclaves in Eastern Bhutan, also...
Old Tibetan, the language used from the 7th to the 11th century Central Tibetan language, which forms the basis of Standard TibetanKhamsTibetan, spoken...
is a Tibetic language of Tibet. Tournadre (2013) classifies it with KhamsTibetan. Tseku at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) v t e...
KHG may refer to: KhamsTibetan (ISO 639 language code: khg) a Tibetic language used in Kham Kashgar Airport (IATA airport code: KHG; ICAO airport code:...
Zhongu (Zhonggu) Tibetan is a Tibetic language of Sichuan, China, once considered a dialect of Khams. It is spoken in Songpan County. N. Tournadre (2005)...
KhamsTibetan. But the correspondences between Baima tones, onsets, and rhymes with written Tibetan are not as clear as those between KhamsTibetan and...
Tibetan language (the dialects of Ü-Tsang, including Lhasa), KhamsTibetan, and Amdo Tibetan are generally considered to be dialects of a single language...
exchange for the Tibetan government recognizing the independence of Kham. Ngabo refused the offer. After the defeat of the Tibetan Army in Chamdo, Rapga...
names, including timur (टिमुर) in Nepali and Hindko, yer ma (གཡེར་མ) in Tibetan and thingye in Bhutan. Zanthoxylum gilletii is an African variety of genus...
Tawellemmet and Ayr varieties of Tuareg Berber, the Rangakha dialect of KhamsTibetan, at least two dialects of the Bai language, the Papuan language Mapos...
administratively part of the provinces of Qinghai, Gansu, and Sichuan. Kham (Khams) in the southeast encompasses parts of western Sichuan, northern Yunnan...
also called Standard Tibetan, which is spoken in Central Tibet and also in Exile by most Tibetans. In Kham the KhamsTibetan dialect is spoken and in...
Dongwang Tibetan is a Tibetic language of Yunnan, China, once considered a dialect of Khams. It is spoken in the eastern part of Shangri-La County, along...
it as "unclassified Southern Tibetic". Van Driem classifies it with KhamsTibetan. According to the Central Institute of Indian Languages, a grammar description...
unintelligible with Niangpu 娘蒲话 (also called Muqu 牧区话), which is a KhamsTibetan language variety spoken by 4,310 people in Jiaxing 加兴 and Niangpu 娘蒲...
Khalong Tibetan (or Khalung; also known as Rdo or Rdoskad) is a Tibetic language of Sichuan, China, once considered a dialect of Khams. It is spoken in...
希里布; pinyin: Xīlǐbù; autonym: ɕə⁴⁴li⁴⁴bu³¹, Tibetan transliteration: sre gleng ba po) is a Mandarin–Khams mixed language spoken by ethnic Hui people in...
Magar Kham (मगर खाम), also known as Kham, Kham Magar, and Khamkura, is the Sino-Tibetan language variety of the Northern Magar people of Nepal. The language...
register vernacular, like Central Tibetan language in Ü-Tsang (Tibet proper), KhamsTibetan in Kham, Amdo Tibetan in Amdo, Ladakhi language in Ladakh...
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