BM-13 Katyusha multiple rocket launcher, based on a ZIS-5 truck.
Type
Multiple rocket launcher
Place of origin
Voronezh, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Service history
In service
1941–present
Used by
Soviet Union, and others
Wars
World War II
First Indochina War
Korean War
Vietnam War
Cambodian–Vietnamese War
Yom Kippur War
South African Border War
Ogaden War
Iran–Iraq War
Uganda–Tanzania War
2006 Lebanon War
First Libyan Civil War
Syrian civil war
War in Iraq (2013–2017)
Yemeni civil war (2014–present)
Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen
Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
Production history
Designer
Georgy Langemak
Manufacturer
Voronezh Plant Comintern
Produced
1941
No. built
~100,000
The Katyusha (Russian: Катю́ша, IPA:[kɐˈtʲuʂə]ⓘ) is a type of rocket artillery first built and fielded by the Soviet Union in World War II. Multiple rocket launchers such as these deliver explosives to a target area more intensively than conventional artillery, but with lower accuracy and requiring a longer time to reload. They are fragile compared to artillery guns, but are cheap, easy to produce, and usable on almost any chassis. The Katyushas of World War II, the first self-propelled artillery mass-produced by the Soviet Union,[1] were usually mounted on ordinary trucks. This mobility gave the Katyusha, and other self-propelled artillery, another advantage: being able to deliver a large blow all at once, and then move before being located and attacked with counter-battery fire.
Katyusha weapons of World War II included the BM-13 launcher, light BM-8, and heavy BM-31. Today, the nickname Katyusha is also applied to newer truck-mounted post-Soviet – in addition to non-Soviet – multiple-rocket launchers, notably the common BM-21 Grad and its derivatives.
^Zaloga, p. 150.
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