K562 cells were the first human immortalised myelogenous leukemia cell line to be established. K562 cells are of the erythroleukemia type, and the cell line is derived from a 53-year-old female chronic myelogenous leukemia patient in blast crisis.[1][2] The cells are non-adherent and rounded, are positive for the bcr:abl fusion gene, and bear some proteomic resemblance to both undifferentiated granulocytes[3] and erythrocytes.[4]
In culture they exhibit much less clumping than many other suspension lines, presumably due to the downregulation of surface adhesion molecules by bcr:abl.[5] However, another study suggests that bcr:abl over-expression may actually increase cell adherence to cell culture plastic.[6] K562 cells can spontaneously develop characteristics similar to early-stage erythrocytes, granulocytes and monocytes[7] and are easily killed by natural killer cells[8] as they lack the MHC complex required to inhibit NK activity.[2] They also lack any trace of Epstein-Barr virus and other herpesviruses. In addition to the Philadelphia chromosome they also exhibit a second reciprocal translocation between the long arm of chromosome 15 with chromosome 17.[1]
Two sub-lines are available which express MHC class-I A2[9] and A3.[10]
K562 cells are part of the NCI-60 cancer cell line panel used by the National Cancer Institute.[11]
^ ab
Lozzio CB, Lozzio BB (March 1975). "Human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell-line with positive Philadelphia chromosome". Blood. 45 (3): 321–334. doi:10.1182/blood.V45.3.321.321. PMID 163658.
^ abDrexler HG (2000). The Leukemia-Lymphoma Cell Line Factsbook. San Diego: Academic Press.
^
Klein E, Ben-Bassat H, Neumann H, Ralph P, Zeuthen J, Polliack A, Vánky F (October 1976). "Properties of the K562 cell line, derived from a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia". International Journal of Cancer. 18 (4): 421–431. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910180405. PMID 789258. S2CID 36818335.
^
Andersson LC, Nilsson K, Gahmberg CG (February 1979). "K562--a human erythroleukemic cell line". International Journal of Cancer. 23 (2): 143–147. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910230202. PMID 367973. S2CID 24886439.
^Jongen-Lavrencic M, Salesse S, Delwel R, Verfaillie CM (March 2005). "BCR/ABL-mediated downregulation of genes implicated in cell adhesion and motility leads to impaired migration toward CCR7 ligands CCL19 and CCL21 in primary BCR/ABL-positive cells". Leukemia. 19 (3): 373–380. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2403626. PMID 15674360.
^Karimiani EG, Marriage F, Merritt AJ, Burthem J, Byers RJ, Day PJ (March 2014). "Single-cell analysis of K562 cells: an imatinib-resistant subpopulation is adherent and has upregulated expression of BCR-ABL mRNA and protein". Experimental Hematology. 42 (3): 183–191.e5. doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2013.11.006. PMID 24269846.
^
Lozzio BB, Lozzio CB, Bamberger EG, Feliu AS (April 1981). "A multipotential leukemia cell line (K-562) of human origin". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 166 (4): 546–550. doi:10.3181/00379727-166-41106. PMID 7194480. S2CID 7571401.
^
Lozzio BB, Lozzio CB (1979). "Properties and usefulness of the original K-562 human myelogenous leukemia cell line". Leukemia Research. 3 (6): 363–370. doi:10.1016/0145-2126(79)90033-X. PMID 95026.
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Britten CM, Meyer RG, Kreer T, Drexler I, Wölfel T, Herr W (January 2002). "The use of HLA-A*0201-transfected K562 as standard antigen-presenting cells for CD8(+) T lymphocytes in IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays". Journal of Immunological Methods. 259 (1–2): 95–110. doi:10.1016/S0022-1759(01)00499-9. PMID 11730845.
^
Clark RE, Dodi IA, Hill SC, Lill JR, Aubert G, Macintyre AR, et al. (November 2001). "Direct evidence that leukemic cells present HLA-associated immunogenic peptides derived from the BCR-ABL b3a2 fusion protein" (PDF). Blood. 98 (10): 2887–2893. doi:10.1182/blood.V98.10.2887. PMID 11698267. S2CID 8529369.
^
"Cellosaurus K-562 (CVCL_0004)". Cellosaurus. SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Retrieved 7 January 2018. Part of: NCI60 cancer cell line panel.
K562cells were the first human immortalised myelogenous leukemia cell line to be established. K562cells are of the erythroleukemia type, and the cell...
erythroleukemic target cell line, K562. K562 is highly sensitive to lysis by human NK cells and, over the decades, the K562 51chromium-release assay has become...
Hesselgesser J, Horuk R (1994). "Expression of the Duffy antigen in K562cells. Evidence that it is the human erythrocyte chemokine receptor". J. Biol...
in K562cell lines. Comparing with the dCas9-VP64 activation complex, they were able to increase the CXCR4 gene expression 5-25 times greater in K562 cell...
82–90 Chin, S., et al., Rapid assessment of early biophysical changes in K562cells during apoptosis determined using dielectrophoresis. International Journal...
protein E2F-1 and triggers apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in K562cells. Eur J Pharmacol 559:98–108 Yamazaki M (2000) The pharmacological studies...
paraptosis in human leukemia cells. In the NB4 cell line, paraptosis was the primary method of cell death. In K562cells, apoptosis was the primary mechanism...
cells is genetically determined, but some cell-culturing cells have been 'transformed' into immortal cells which will reproduce indefinitely if the optimal...
TPEN is also shown to induce apoptosis in K562cells, and high doses (120 μM) of zinc result in microglial cell death. One study examined the requirement...
sites. Recent evidence has shown that CTX III may induce apoptosis in K562cells via the release of cytochrome c. Results indicate that the mechanism utilized...
coproporphyrinogen oxidase and synthesis of hemoglobin in human erythroleukemia K562cells". European Journal of Biochemistry. 268 (6): 1705–11. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327...
antiproliferative and apoptogenic activity against human leukemic cell lines U937 and K562". Leukemia Research. 31 (6): 817–825. doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2006...
"Expression of type II activin receptor genes during differentiation of human K562cells and cDNA cloning of the human type IIB activin receptor". Blood. 83 (8):...
Cabantchik, Z. (1996). "Dynamics of the cytosolic chelatable iron pool of K562cells". FEBS Letters. 382 (3): 304–308. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00190-1. PMID 8605990...
ferritin H gene and role of Ref-1 during erythroid differentiation of K562cells". Mol. Cell. Biol. 26 (7): 2845–56. doi:10.1128/MCB.26.7.2845-2856.2006. PMC 1430308...
gene activation but instead has repressive action. Knockdown of ASH1L in K562cells causes up-regulation of the ε-globin gene and down-regulation of myelomonocytic...
in a similar manner. CRISPRi identified ~2100 essential genes in the K562cell-line. CRISPR deletion screens have also been used to identify potential...
gene and its function in erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation of K562cells". Leukemia. 20 (6): 1109–16. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2404212. PMID 16628192...
Polysaccharides isolated from C. furcata were shown to induce cell death (apoptosis) in human leukemia K562cells. Furthermore, C. furcata polysaccharides decreased...
showed significant histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation peaks in K562cells (erythroid cell line). It also showed increased relative expression in erythroid...
Furthermore, reports indicate an up-regulation of RBM4 in apoptotic K562cells, a human leukemia cell line. In has been see that a decreased amount of RBM4 in the...
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