Effigy from Peckham's tomb in Canterbury Cathedral
Appointed
25 January 1279
Term ended
8 December 1292
Predecessor
Robert Burnell
Successor
Robert Winchelsey
Orders
Consecration
19 February 1279 by Pope Nicholas III
Personal details
Born
c. 1230
Sussex
Died
8 December 1292 Mortlake
Buried
Canterbury Cathedral
Denomination
Catholic
Ordination history of John Peckham
History
Episcopal consecration
Consecrated by
Pope Nicholas III
Date
19 February 1279
Place
Rome, Papal States
Episcopal succession
Bishops consecrated by John Peckham as principal consecrator
John Darlington, O.P.
27 August 1279
Oliver Sutton
19 May 1280
Richard Gravesend
11 August 1280
Thomas Beck
6 October 1280
Richard Swinfield
7 March 1283
Thomas Ingaldesthorp
26 September 1283
Walter Scammell
22 October 1284
John Kirkby
22 September 1286
Henry Brandeston
1 June 1287
Gilbert of Saint Leofard
5 September 1288
Ralph Walpole
20 March 1289
William de La Corner
8 May 1289
William of Louth
1 October 1290
Thomas of Wouldham, O.S.B.
6 January 1292
Bishop Thomas Button
16 March 1292
Nicolas Longespee
16 March 1292
John Peckham[a] (c. 1230 – 8 December 1292) was a Franciscan friar and Archbishop of Canterbury in the years 1279–1292.
Peckham studied at the University of Paris under Bonaventure, where he later taught theology and became known as a conservative opponent of Thomas Aquinas, especially regarding the nature of the soul. Peckham also studied optics and astronomy - his studies in those subjects were particularly influenced by Roger Bacon and Alhazen.[1] Around 1270, Peckham returned to England, where he taught at the University of Oxford, and was elected the Franciscans provincial minister of England in 1275. After a brief stint in Rome, he was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury in 1279. His time as archbishop was marked by efforts to improve discipline in the clergy as well as reorganize the estates of his see. He served King Edward I of England in Wales.
As archbishop, Peckham oversaw attempts to close down Jewish synagogues, punish relapsing Jews from "returning to their vomit", and associating with Christians. He also opposed the loaning of money at interest and criticised Queen Eleanor of Castile for purchasing and abusing these loans to dispossess nobles of their property.[b]
Before and during his time as archbishop, Peckham wrote several works on optics, philosophy, and theology, as well as writing hymns. Numerous manuscripts of his works survive. On his death, his body was buried in Canterbury Cathedral, but his heart was given to the Franciscans for burial.
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^Lindberg, David C. (1976). Theories of Vision from Al-Kindi to Kepler. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 117.
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