University of Wisconsin (BS, MS) Princeton University (PhD)
Known for
Point-contact transistor
Field-effect transistor
BCS theory
Superconductivity
Surface physics
Deformation potential theory
Bardeen's formalism
Mattis–Bardeen theory
Spouse
Jane Maxwell
(m. 1938)
Children
James M. Bardeen (1939–2022)
William A. Bardeen (b. 1941)
Elizabeth Greytak (1944–2000)[6]
Awards
Stuart Ballantine Medal (1952)
Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize (1954)
Nobel Prize in Physics (1956)[1]
Fritz London Memorial Prize (1962)
National Medal of Science (1965)
IEEE Medal of Honor (1971)
Nobel Prize in Physics (1972)
ForMemRS (1973)[2]
Lomonosov Gold Medal (1987)
Harold Pender Award (1988)
Scientific career
Fields
Physics
Institutions
Bell Telephone Laboratories University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign University of Minnesota
Thesis
Quantum Theory of the Work Function(1936)
Doctoral advisor
Eugene Wigner[3]
Other academic advisors
John Hasbrouck Van Vleck[4]
Doctoral students
William L. McMillan[3]
John Robert Schrieffer[3]
Nick Holonyak[5]
John Bardeen (/bɑːrˈdiːn/; May 23, 1908 – January 30, 1991)[2] was an American physicist and electrical engineer. He is the only person to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice: first in 1956 with William Shockley and Walter Brattain for the invention of the transistor; and again in 1972 with Leon N. Cooper and John Robert Schrieffer for a fundamental theory of conventional superconductivity known as the BCS theory.[1][7]
The transistor revolutionized the electronics industry, making possible the development of almost every modern electronic device, from telephones to computers, and ushering in the Information Age. Bardeen's developments in superconductivity—for which he was awarded his second Nobel Prize—are used in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), medical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and superconducting quantum circuits.
Born and raised in Wisconsin, Bardeen received a Ph.D. in physics from Princeton University. After serving in World War II, he was a researcher at Bell Labs and a professor at the University of Illinois. In 1990, Bardeen appeared on Life magazine's list of "100 Most Influential Americans of the Century."[8]
Bardeen is the first of only three people to have won multiple Nobel Prizes in the same category (the others being Frederick Sanger and Karl Barry Sharpless in chemistry), and one of five persons with two Nobel Prizes.
^ abBardeen Biography from the Nobel Foundation
^ abPippard, B. (1994). "John Bardeen. 23 May 1908–30 January 1991". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 39: 20–34. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1994.0002. S2CID 121943831.
^ abcJohn Bardeen at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
^Bardeen, J. (1980). "Reminiscences of Early Days in Solid State Physics". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 371 (1744): 77–83. Bibcode:1980RSPSA.371...77B. doi:10.1098/rspa.1980.0059. ISSN 0080-4630. JSTOR 2990278. S2CID 121788084.
^Cite error: The named reference knightridder was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Elizabeth Greytak, Systems Analyst". The Boston Globe. Boston. December 25, 2000. Archived from the original on March 1, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
^Hoddeson, Lillian and Vicki Daitch. True Genius: the Life and Science of John Bardeen. National Academy Press, 2002. ISBN 0-309-08408-3
^"John Bardeen, Nobelist, Inventor of Transistor, Dies". Washington Post. January 31, 1991. Archived from the original on November 2, 2012. Retrieved August 3, 2007.
JohnBardeen (/bɑːrˈdiːn/; May 23, 1908 – January 30, 1991) was an American physicist and electrical engineer. He is the only person to be awarded the...
In physics, the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) theory (named after JohnBardeen, Leon Cooper, and John Robert Schrieffer) is the first microscopic theory...
winner William A. Bardeen (born 1941), American theoretical physicist, son of JohnBardeen This page lists people with the surname Bardeen. If an internal...
John Robert Schrieffer (/ˈʃriːfər/; May 31, 1931 – July 27, 2019) was an American physicist who, with JohnBardeen and Leon Cooper, was a recipient of...
In condensed matter physics, a Cooper pair or BCS pair (Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer pair) is a pair of electrons (or other fermions) bound together at low...
an American physicist at Bell Labs who, along with fellow scientists JohnBardeen and William Shockley, invented the point-contact transistor in December...
eugenicist. He was the manager of a research group at Bell Labs that included JohnBardeen and Walter Brattain. The three scientists were jointly awarded the 1956...
credited with the invention of the transistor were William Shockley, JohnBardeen and Walter Brattain. The introduction of the transistor is often considered...
1930) is an American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate who, with JohnBardeen and John Robert Schrieffer, developed the BCS theory of superconductivity...
device was a point-contact transistor invented in 1947 by physicists JohnBardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley at Bell Labs; the three shared...
important invention developed by Bell Laboratories, was invented by JohnBardeen, Walter Houser Brattain, and William Bradford Shockley (and who subsequently...
experimental results was sometimes poor. This was later explained by JohnBardeen as due to the extreme "structure sensitive" behavior of semiconductors...
NMR, MagLev and energy storage technologies." In 2018, he received the JohnBardeen Award from the TMS Functional Material Division for outstanding contributions...
Curie, JohnBardeen, Linus Pauling and Frederick Sanger, and the third to have been awarded two prizes in the same discipline (after Bardeen and Sanger)...
Royal Society. 28: 627–665. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1982.0024. JSTOR 769913. Bardeen, J. (1980). "Reminiscences of Early Days in Solid State Physics". Proceedings...
Pioneers Nasir Ahmed Edwin Howard Armstrong Mohamed M. Atalla John Logie Baird Paul Baran JohnBardeen Alexander Graham Bell Emile Berliner Tim Berners-Lee Francis...
clarifications.: 222–227 See also: JohnBardeen § Josephson Effect controversy. In January 1963, Anderson and his Bell Labs colleague John Rowell submitted the first...
appear, when the first working point-contact transistor was invented by JohnBardeen and Walter Houser Brattain at Bell Labs in 1947. However, vacuum tubes...
Pioneers Nasir Ahmed Edwin Howard Armstrong Mohamed M. Atalla John Logie Baird Paul Baran JohnBardeen Alexander Graham Bell Emile Berliner Tim Berners-Lee Francis...
Nobel Peace Prize twice. Also the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to JohnBardeen twice, as was the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Frederick Sanger and Karl...
Quine, Jf '36; behaviorist B. F. Skinner, Jf '36; double Nobel laureate JohnBardeen, Jf '38; economist Paul Samuelson, Jf '40; historian Arthur M. Schlesinger...
if the Nobel Prize committee relates them to a single country. Notes JohnBardeen awarded twice in physics; Linus C. Pauling awarded once in chemistry...
Pioneers Nasir Ahmed Edwin Howard Armstrong Mohamed M. Atalla John Logie Baird Paul Baran JohnBardeen Alexander Graham Bell Emile Berliner Tim Berners-Lee Francis...
1901 to Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, of Germany, who received 150,782 SEK. JohnBardeen is the only laureate to win the prize twice—in 1956 and 1972. William...
Feynman, Lee Iacocca, John Nash, Alonzo Church, Alan Turing, Terence Tao, Edward Witten, John Milnor, JohnBardeen, Steven Weinberg, John Tate, and David Petraeus...
the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he later became JohnBardeen Endowed Chair in Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics. Nick...
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