The Jathedar of the Akal Takht (Punjabi: ਜੱਥੇਦਾਰ ਅਕਾਲ ਤਖ਼ਤ ਸਾਹਿਬ) is the head of the Akal Takht and head of the Sikhs worldwide.[3] The jathedar has the de facto power as the supreme spokesperson of the Khalsa to summon, trial and sentence any person who identifies as a Sikh from the Akal Takht.[4]
The current jathedar, Jagtar Singh Hawara is a convicted assassin,[5][6] who was declared by the Sarbat Khalsa on 10 November 2015 and Raghbir Singh was appointed by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) on 16 June 2023.[7] Due to the imprisonment of Hawara, Dhian Singh Mand appointed by the Sarbat Khalsa has been serving as the acting jathedar.[8] The jathedars of the five takhts generally make important decisions in consultation within the framework of the Sikh Rehat Maryada while considering the collective will of the Sikhs.[9]
The position of jathedar is not established by any constitutional document, but exists only by long-established convention, whereby a Sarbat Khalsa or an institution authorised by it appoints a person most likely to command the confidence of the Sikhs.[10] The jathedar is supported by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee and heads the other four jathedars of the takhts.[11] The jathedar also commands the Akali Nihangs, an armed Sikh warrior order started from the Akal Takht by the sixth Sikh Guru, Guru Hargobind.[12]
The Akal Takht is the building directly opposite the Darbar Sahib founded by Guru Hargobind, as a symbol of political sovereignty and where spiritual and temporal concerns of the Sikh people can be addressed.[13] Along with Baba Buddha and Bhai Gurdas, the sixth Guru built a concrete slab. When Guru Hargobind revealed the platform on 15 June 1606, he put on two swords: one indicated his spiritual authority (piri) and the other, his temporal authority (miri).[14]
^ abCite error: The named reference Hawara was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Raghbir was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Randhir, G. S. (February 1990). Sikh Shrines in India. New Delhi: Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. ISBN 978-81-230-2260-4. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
^Brar, Kamaldeep Singh (6 October 2017). "Akal Takht excommunicates Sucha Singh Langah without a hearing". The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
^"The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News". Retrieved 1 April 2015.
^ਰੰਧਾਵਾ, ਮਨਵੀਰ (16 June 2023). "ਰਘਬੀਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਨੂੰ ਐਲਾਨਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਅਕਾਲ ਤਖ਼ਤ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦਾ ਨਵਾਂ ਜਥੇਦਾਰ". Pro Punjab Tv (in Punjabi). Pro Punjab TV. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
^Paul, GS (8 November 2018). "Takht Jathedar's address marred by sloganeering". The Tribune. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
^Sethi, Chitleen (8 December 2022). "Ex-jathedar a 'sinner', dope tests for staff: Akal Takht head's orders spark sit-in at Patna Sahib". The Print. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
^Gill, Kamaljit (1983). "Role of the vernacular press during the Gurdwara Reform Movement". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 44: 463–470. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44139886. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
^Ahluwalia, Jasbir Singh (2003). Liberating Sikhism from 'the Sikhs': Sikhisim's [sic] Potential for World Civilization. Chandigarh: Unistar Books. p. 14.
^Brard, Gurnam (2007). East of Indus: My Memories of Old Punjab. Hemkunt Press. p. 185. ISBN 9788170103608.
^Fahlbusch E. (ed.) "The encyclopedia of Christianity." Archived 7 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8028-2417-2
^Singh, Dr Kuldip. Akal Takht Ate Khalsa Panth. Chandigarh. p. 2. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
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