Overview of the nature of neutrality in the Republic of Ireland
Ireland is one of four members of the European Union that are not members of NATO. The others are Austria, Cyprus and Malta. The country has a longstanding policy of military neutrality: it does not join military alliances or defence pacts, or take part in international conflicts. The nature of Irish neutrality has varied over time. Ireland declared itself a neutral state during the Second World War (see Irish neutrality during World War II), and during the Cold War it did not join NATO nor the Non-Aligned Movement.[1] Since the 1970s, some have defined it more broadly to include a commitment to "United Nations peacekeeping, human rights and disarmament".[1] Recent Irish governments have defined it narrowly as non-membership of military defensive alliances.[1][2] The compatibility of neutrality with Ireland's membership of the European Union has been a point of debate in EU treaty referendum campaigns since the 1990s. The Seville Declarations on the Treaty of Nice acknowledge Ireland's "traditional policy of military neutrality".[3][4] The Irish Defence Forces have been involved in many UN peacekeeping missions.
^ abcTonra et al. 2012, Preface: The Study of Irish Foreign Policy p.xix Archived 17 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine
^"Ireland's policy of military neutrality". Department of Foreign Affairs (Ireland). Ireland's policy of military neutrality has long been an important strand of our independent foreign policy and is characterised by non-membership of military alliances or common or mutual defence arrangements.
^Seville Declarations on the Nice Treaty
^"Ambiguous alliance: Neutrality, opt-outs, and European defence". European Council on Foreign Relations. 28 June 2021.
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