One of three gyri of the temporal lobe of the brain
Inferior temporal gyrus
Lateral surface of left cerebral hemisphere, viewed from the side. (Inferior temporal gyrus shown in orange.)
Drawing of a cast to illustrate the relations of the brain to the skull. (Inferior temporal gyrus labeled at center, in green section.)
Details
Part of
Temporal lobe
Artery
Posterior cerebral
Identifiers
Latin
gyrus temporalis inferior
NeuroNames
138
NeuroLex ID
birnlex_1577
TA98
A14.1.09.148
TA2
5497
FMA
61907
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
The inferior temporal gyrus is one of three gyri of the temporal lobe and is located below the middle temporal gyrus, connected behind with the inferior occipital gyrus; it also extends around the infero-lateral border on to the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, where it is limited by the inferior sulcus. This region is one of the higher levels of the ventral stream of visual processing, associated with the representation of objects, places, faces, and colors.[1][2] It may also be involved in face perception,[3] and in the recognition of numbers and words.[4][5]
The inferior temporal gyrus is the anterior region of the temporal lobe located underneath the central temporal sulcus. The primary function of the occipital temporal gyrus – otherwise referenced as IT cortex – is associated with visual stimuli processing, namely visual object recognition, and has been suggested by recent experimental results as the final location of the ventral cortical visual system.[6] The IT cortex in humans is also known as the Inferior Temporal Gyrus since it has been located to a specific region of the human temporal lobe.[7] The IT processes visual stimuli of objects in our field of vision, and is involved with memory and memory recall to identify that object; it is involved with the processing and perception created by visual stimuli amplified in the V1, V2, V3, and V4 regions of the occipital lobe. This region processes the color and form of the object in the visual field and is responsible for producing the "what" from this visual stimuli, or in other words identifying the object based on the color and form of the object and comparing that processed information to stored memories of objects to identify that object.[6]
The IT cortex's neurological significance is not just its contribution to the processing of visual stimuli in object recognition but also has been found to be a vital area with regards to simple processing of the visual field, difficulties with perceptual tasks and spatial awareness, and the location of unique single cells that possibly explain the IT cortex's relation to memory.
^ROSA LAFER-SOUSA and BEVIL CONWAY (October 20, 2013). "Parallel, multi-stage processing of colors, faces and shapes in macaque inferior temporal cortex". Nature Neuroscience. 16 (12): 1870–1878. doi:10.1038/nn.3555. PMC 3957328. PMID 24141314.
^Haxby indicates that a few studies have found face perception in the inferior temporal sulcus, with the majority of sites elsewhere in the brain: p.2, Haxby, et al. (2000) "The distributed human neural system for face perception" Trends in Cognitive Sciences4 (6) June 2000, 11pp.
^BRUCE GOLDMAN (April 16, 2013). "Scientists pinpoint brain's area for numeral recognition". Stanford School of Medicine. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
^Poggio, Tomaso; Anselmi, Fabio (23 September 2016). Visual Cortex and Deep Networks. MIT Press. pp. 45–51. ISBN 978-0-262-03472-2.
^ abKolb, B; Whishaw, I. Q. (2014). An Introduction to Brain and Behavior (Fourth ed.). New York, NY: Worth. pp. 282–312.
^Gross, C. G. (2008). "Inferior temporal cortex". Scholarpedia. 3 (12): 7294. Bibcode:2008SchpJ...3.7294G. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.7294.
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Temporalgyrus may refer to the inferiortemporalgyrus the middle temporalgyrus the superior temporalgyrus the transverse temporalgyrus This disambiguation...
The inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), (gyrus frontalis inferior), is the lowest positioned gyrus of the frontal gyri, of the frontal lobe, and is part of the...
defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located primarily in the caudal portions of the fusiform gyrus and inferiortemporalgyrus on the mediobasal...
behind with the superior temporalgyrus. The second, the angular gyrus (BA 39), arches over the posterior end of the superior temporal sulcus, behind which...
approximately to the inferiortemporalgyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded medially by the ectorhinal area 36 (H), laterally by the middle temporal area 21,...
analogous to the collateral fissure found further caudally in the inferior part of the temporal lobe. This article incorporates text in the public domain from...
tank battle game .it, the Internet top-level domain for Italy Inferiortemporalgyrus, a.k.a. IT cortex, a region of the brain IT (file format), an audio...
information into meaningful units such as speech and words. The superior temporalgyrus includes an area (within the lateral fissure) where auditory signals...
middle temporal gyri. Also, the angular sulcus, which is capped by the angular gyrus, is continuous as the superior temporal sulcus inferiorly. The angular...
gyrus, the middle occipital gyrus, and the inferior occipital gyrus, and these are also known as the occipital face area. The superior and inferior occipital...
of the frontal gyrus are the superior frontal gyrus, the middle frontal gyrus, and the inferior frontal gyrus. The inferior frontal gyrus is divided into...
area 11), the parahippocampal gyrus, posterior part of the inferior parietal lobule, the presubiculum, the superior temporal sulcus and the retrosplenial...
The parahippocampal gyrus (or hippocampal gyrus) is a grey matter cortical region of the brain that surrounds the hippocampus and is part of the limbic...
temporalgyrus and usually divides into two branches. One of the branches supplies the angular gyrus while the other supplies the supramarginal gyrus...
brain. The inferior part of BA40 is in the area of the supramarginal gyrus, which lies at the posterior end of the lateral fissure, in the inferior lateral...
connections to arm-moving cortices, including the premotor cortex. The inferiortemporalgyrus recognizes complex shapes, objects, and faces or, in conjunction...
The dentate gyrus (DG) is part of the hippocampal formation in the temporal lobe of the brain, which also includes the hippocampus and the subiculum....
prosopagnosia is the fusiform gyrus, which activates specifically in response to faces. The functionality of the fusiform gyrus allows most people to recognize...
approximately to the middle temporalgyrus. BA 21 is a higher-order visual association cortex with medium myelin content. As a lateral temporal region, it is likely...
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