Brodmann area 38, also BA38 or temporopolar area 38 (H), is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. BA 38 is at the anterior end of the temporal lobe, known as the temporal pole.
BA38 is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located primarily in the most rostral portions of the superior temporal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the inferior temporal area 20, the middle temporal area 21, the superior temporal area 22 and the ectorhinal area 36 (Brodmann-1909).
The temporal pole is a paralimbic region involved in high level semantic representation and socio-emotional processing. The uncinate fasciculus provides a direct bidirectional path to the orbitofrontal cortex, allowing mnemonic representations stored in the temporal pole to bias decision making in the frontal lobe. The temporal pole appears to be a convergence zone where concepts (also known as semantic memories) that are stored in the ventral anterior temporal lobe are imbued with emotional significance and personal meaning.[1] In addition, concepts of individual people, abstracted away from the perceptual representations, are stored in a “face patch” in the temporal pole. This face patch is found in both non-human primates and humans.[2] This relates to early work showing that damage to the temporal pole can cause an amnestic prosopagnosia in which knowledge of familiar people is lost.[2]
Bilateral damage to the temporal poles, though rare, can cause dramatic changes in personality. Klüver-Bucy syndrome involves damage to the greater temporal pole as well as the amygdala. In this disorder, people and animals demonstrate fearlessness, hypersexuality, and hyperorality.[1]
This area is among the earliest affected by Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and is commonly involved at the start of temporal lobe seizures.[3]
Cytoarchitectonic and chemoarchitectonic studies find that it contains at least seven subareas, one of which, "TG", is unique to humans.[3]
^ abOlson, IR; Plotzker, A; Ezzyat, Y (2007). "The enigmatic temporal poles: A review of findings on social and emotional processing". Brain. 130 (7): 1718–1731. doi:10.1093/brain/awm052. PMID 17392317.
^ abVon der Heide, RJ; Skipper, LM; Olson, IR (2013). "Anterior temporal face patches: A meta-analysis and empirical study". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 7: 17. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00017. PMC 3561664. PMID 23378834.
^ abDing, S. L.; Van Hoesen, G. W.; Cassell, M. D.; Poremba, A. (2009). "Parcellation of human temporal polar cortex: A combined analysis of multiple cytoarchitectonic, chemoarchitectonic, and pathological markers". The Journal of Comparative Neurology. 514 (6): 595–623. doi:10.1002/cne.22053. PMC 3665344. PMID 19363802.
Brodmannarea38, also BA38 or temporopolar area38 (H), is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. BA 38 is at the anterior end of the temporal...
A Brodmannarea is a region of the cerebral cortex, in the human or other[citation needed] primate brain, defined by its cytoarchitecture, or histological...
rostrally by Brodmannarea38, medially by Brodmannarea 42, ventrocaudally by Brodmannarea 21, and dorsocaudally by Brodmannarea 40, and Brodmannarea 39. These...
Brodmannarea 20, or BA20, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. The region encompasses most of the ventral temporal cortex, a region believed...
Area38 may refer to: Brodmannarea38, an area of the brain Electric Area, a music satellite channel This disambiguation page lists articles associated...
Brodmannarea 21, or BA21, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. The region encompasses most of the lateral temporal cortex and is also known...
Brodmannarea 35, together with Brodmannarea 36, comprise the perirhinal cortex. They are cytoarchitecturally defined temporal regions of the cerebral...
Brodmannarea 25 (BA25) is the subgenual area, area subgenualis or subgenual cingulate area in the cerebral cortex of the brain and delineated based on...
Brodmannarea 9, or BA9, refers to a cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the frontal cortex in the brain of humans and other primates. Its cytoarchitecture...
layer, that is particularly prominent in Figures 38 and 39;..." Brodmannarea Retrosplenial region Brodmann, K (2005) [1909]. Localisation in the cerebral...
uncinate fasciculus—the orbitofrontal cortex and temporal polar cortex/Brodmannarea38 (also known as the temporal pole/temporal polar cortex/anterior temporal...
the parietal lobe. This area of the brain is also known as Brodmannarea 40 based on the brain map created by Korbinian Brodmann to define the structures...
temporal lobe of the mammalian brain. The term is used to describe Brodmannarea 42 together with the transverse temporal gyri of Heschl. The auditosensory...
50 areas. Korbinian Brodmann worked on the brains of diverse mammalian species and developed a division of the cerebral cortex into 52 discrete areas (of...
surrounding the frontal part of the corpus callosum. It consists of Brodmannareas 24, 32, and 33. It is involved in certain higher-level functions, such...
Cytoarchitectonically the posterior cingulate cortex is associated with Brodmannareas 23 and 31. The PCC forms a central node in the default mode network...
parietal lobule. It represents the Brodmannarea 39. Its significance is in transferring visual information to Wernicke's area, in order to make meaning out...
less accurately mapped areas of the whole cortical surface". While originally described as homogeneous by Korbinian Brodmann, it is now appreciated to...
Brodmannarea 17, or the striate cortex. The extrastriate areas consist of visual areas 2, 3, 4, and 5 (also known as V2, V3, V4, and V5, or Brodmann...
ventricular zone cerebellar hemisphere right hemisphere of cerebellum superior vestibular nucleus Brodmannarea 23 ganglionic eminence Brodmannarea 46...
synapsin I to Src homology 3 domains". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (38): 29857–67. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006018200. PMID 10899172. Lai MM, Luo HR, Burnett...
specific change in social recognition-related activity in the left TPJ/Brodmannarea 39; the presence of vasopressin diminishes the heightened activity in...
anosmia. Destruction to olfactory bulb, tract, and primary cortex (brodmannarea 34) results in anosmia on the same side as the destruction. Also, irritative...
veneto di scienze, lettere ed arti. Bd. 3, Seria 4, S. 978–998. 1874. De Brodmann, Giuseppe. Memorie politico-economiche della citta e territorio di Trieste...
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