System of indentured servitude using Indian laborers to replace slavery (1800s to 1920s)
The Indian indenture system was a system of indentured servitude, by which more than 1.6million workers[1] from British India were transported to labour in European colonies, as a substitute for slave labor, following the abolition of the trade in the early 19th century. The system expanded after the abolition of slavery in the British Empire in 1833,[2] in the French colonies in 1848, and in the Dutch Empire in 1863. British Indian indentureship lasted till the 1920s. This resulted in the development of a large South Asian diaspora in the Caribbean,[3] Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Réunion, Mauritius, Sri Lanka,[4] Malaysia,[5] Myanmar, and Fiji, as well as the growth of Indo-Caribbean, Indo-African, Indo-Mauritian, Indo-Fijian, Indo-Malaysian, and Indo-Singaporean populations.
^Documentary heritage submitted by Fiji, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and recommended for inclusion in the Memory of the World Register in 2011'
^"Indian indentured labourers - National Archive". Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
^"THE EXPERIENCE OF INDIAN INDENTURE IN TRINIDAD: ARRIVAL AND SETTLEMENT - Sherry-Ann Singh, Department of History University of the West Indies St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago". Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
^"Asian Indentured Labor in the 19th and Early 20th Century Colonial Plantation World - Richard B. Allen". 29 March 2017. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190277727.013.33. Archived from the original on 12 February 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
^The British and rubber in Malaya, c1890-1940, 2005, James Hagan, Andrew Wells - University of Wollongong
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The Indianindenturesystem was a system of indentured servitude, by which more than 1.6 million workers from British India were transported to labour...
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indentured labour in Queensland, was made law in Fiji also. Between 1879 and 1916, tens of thousands of Indians moved to Fiji to work as indentured labourers...
Bahawalpur (1833). The Indianindenturesystem was an ongoing system of indenture, a form of debt bondage, by which 3.5 million Indians were transported to...
Caribbean, Fiji, Mauritius, Myanmar and Africa mainly by Indian immigrants during the Indianindenturesystem. It is an erect, suberect or trailing, densely hairy...
Between 1879 and 1916, a total of 42 ships made 87 voyages, carrying Indianindentured labourers to Fiji. Initially the ships brought labourers from Calcutta...
slavery in 1833, the Indianindenturesystem arose in response to labor demands in regions which had abolished slavery. The indenturesystem has been compared...
was abolished in the European colonies, Indians were hired under the Indianindenturesystem to become indentured laborers to fill the need for cheap labor...
India as indentured labourers, many of them to work on the Kenya–Uganda railway. Others had arrived earlier by sea as traders. Today, the Indian community...
Fiona. "Sexuality, Nationalism, and 'Race': Humanitarian Debate about IndianIndenture in Fiji, 1910–18". Labour History: A Journal of Labour and Social History...
of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar to other British colonies under the Indianindenturesystem. The major destinations were Mauritius, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago...
Indentured servitude in British America was the prominent system of labor in the British American colonies until it was eventually supplanted by slavery...
origin. The first Indians in the United States Virgin Islands (USVI) arrived in the Danish colony of Saint Croix in June 1863 as indentured workers. However...
priests who immigrated to different European colonies during the Indianindenturesystem and their descendants because when stating their names to the respective...
foreign politicians of Indian origin Indian diaspora Overseas Citizenship of India Girmitiyas IndianindenturesystemIndian Arrival Day Pravasi Bharatiya...
elsewhere in Africa, China, and the Indian subcontinent (largely as a result of the British Indianindenturesystem) means that a wide variety of other...
thousands of Indians moved to Fiji to work as indentured labourers, especially on sugarcane plantations. Repatriation of indenturedIndians from Fiji began...
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Indian slavery may refer to: Slavery in India Indian Slavery Act, 1843, outlawed slavery Indianindenturesystem, indentured servitude by Indians in British...
used as the main source of information in the campaign to end the Indianindenturesystem. Sanadhya was born in Hirangaon in the district of Firozabad, Uttar...
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