Idealized picture of the Inca Army. Brüning Museum, Lambayeque, Peru.
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The Inca army (Quechua: Inka Awqaqkuna) was the multi-ethnic armed forces[1] used by the Tawantin Suyu to expand its empire and defend the sovereignty of the Sapa Inca in its territory.[2]
Thanks to the military mit'a, as the empire grew in size and population, so did the army, reaching 200,000 men in a single army (during the reign of Huayna Capac).[3] The soldiers were provided with food, clothing and state aid in replacing their family in regard to the agrarian activity that the recruited should be fulfilling, in such a way that being a permanent soldier was not a bad position and even occupied its own space in the political-social pyramid.[4]
During the Manco Inca rebellion, the soldiers used Spanish weapons and armor, and learned how to ride horses. After the retreat to Vilcabamba, they began to use guerrilla tactics against the Viceroyalty of Peru. The Inca army was finally dissolved after the death of the last Inca of Vilcabamba, Tupac Amaru I, in 1572.
^Waldemar Espinoza, Los Incas, p. 361. The Inca army would have been composed of men from Cuzco and Quito as well as coastal and forest dwellers etc.
^Waldemar Espinoza, Los Incas, p. 377. The Inca armies were received in Cuzco's Plaza de Armas.
^Sosa Freire, 1996: 27. Campaign of Huayna Capac against the rebels in the north of the empire between 1510 and 1520 approximately
^Waldemar Espinoza, Los Incas, pág. 361. Agriculture was the base of the Inca economy and for no reason should it be interrupted, for which, if necessary, punishments were imposed on the peasantry who was frequently forced to eat coca leaves to forget hunger and continue harvesting.
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