Genomic study of immune system regulation and pathogen response
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Immunomics is the study of immune system regulation and response to pathogens using genome-wide approaches. With the rise of genomic and proteomic technologies, scientists have been able to visualize biological networks and infer interrelationships between genes and/or proteins; recently, these technologies have been used to help better understand how the immune system functions and how it is regulated. Two thirds of the genome is active in one or more immune cell types and less than 1% of genes are uniquely expressed in a given type of cell. Therefore, it is critical that the expression patterns of these immune cell types be deciphered in the context of a network, and not as an individual, so that their roles be correctly characterized and related to one another.[1] Defects of the immune system such as autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency, and malignancies can benefit from genomic insights on pathological processes. For example, analyzing the systematic variation of gene expression can relate these patterns with specific diseases and gene networks important for immune functions.[2]
Traditionally, scientists studying the immune system have had to search for antigens on an individual basis and identify the protein sequence of these antigens (“epitopes”) that would stimulate an immune response. This procedure required that antigens be isolated from whole cells, digested into smaller fragments, and tested against T- and B-cells to observe T- and B- cell responses. These classical approaches could only visualize this system as a static condition and required a large amount of time and labor.
Immunomics has made this approach easier by its ability to look at the immune system as a whole and characterize it as a dynamic model. It has revealed that some of the immune system's most distinguishing features are the continuous motility, turnover, and plasticity of its constituent cells. In addition, current genomic technologies, like microarrays, can capture immune system gene expression over time and can trace interactions of microorganisms with cells of the innate immune system. New, proteomic approaches, including T-cell and B-cells-epitope mapping, can also accelerate the pace at which scientists discover antibody-antigen relationships.
^Heng TS, Painter MW; Painter; Immunological Genome Project Consortium (October 2008). "The Immunological Genome Project: networks of gene expression in immune cells". Nat. Immunol. 9 (10): 1091–4. doi:10.1038/ni1008-1091. PMID 18800157.
^Staudt LM, Brown PO; Brown (2000). "Genomic views of the immune system*". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 18: 829–59. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.18.1.829. PMID 10837077.
Immunomics is the study of immune system regulation and response to pathogens using genome-wide approaches. With the rise of genomic and proteomic technologies...
tools, such as sequence alignment and protein structure prediction tools. Immunomics is a discipline like genomics and proteomics. It is a science, which specifically...
profiles, either genomic or expressed gene mRNA profiles), has been termed immunomics. Accurate and sensitive prediction of disease, or detection during early...
dangerous complications such as pre-eclampsia. List of immunologists Immunomics International Reviews of Immunology Outline of immunology History of immunology...
been headed by Sofia Kossida. Open science data Computational immunology Immunomics Lefranc, Marie-Paule (2014). "Immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes:...
of other diseases. The study of the immunome falls under the field of immunomics. The word immunome is a portmanteau of the words "immune" and "chromosome...
to mapping exposure-induced immune effects by combining exposomics and immunomics in a unique toolbox. Another is the National Institutes of Health's Environmental...
exposome. This included biomarker omics (e.g. genomics, transcriptomics and immunomics), sensor technologies (e.g. using mobile phones to measure physical activity...
in gene expression before, after, and during a given immune response. Immunomics Fulton, Kelly M.; Twine, Susan M. (2013-01-01). Immunoproteomics: current...
PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. Lee SY, Obata Y, Yoshida M, et al. (2003). "Immunomic analysis of human sarcoma". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (5): 2651–6...
types. Raw data are available at the NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus [2] Immunomics Immunoproteomics Heng, T. S., M. W. Painter and C. Immunological Genome...
Association of Immunologists Investigator Award (1995) International Immunomics and Immmunogenics Society Award (2006) Named as one of the top 400 influential...
Williamson B, Jungbluth AA, Chen YT, Old LJ, Scanlan MJ (Mar 2003). "Immunomic analysis of human sarcoma". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...
1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548. Lee SY, Obata Y, Yoshida M, et al. (2003). "Immunomic analysis of human sarcoma". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (5): 2651–6...
Williamson B, Jungbluth AA, Chen YT, Old LJ, Scanlan MJ (Mar 2003). "Immunomic analysis of human sarcoma". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...
vaccine, EPV-CoV19, in partnership with the University of Georgia and Immunomic Therapeutics. Graves, Helen (October 1, 2009). "Annie De Groot proves...
Williamson B, Jungbluth AA, Chen YT, Old LJ, Scanlan MJ (Mar 2003). "Immunomic analysis of human sarcoma". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...
PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. Lee SY, Obata Y, Yoshida M, et al. (2003). "Immunomic analysis of human sarcoma". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (5): 2651–6...
PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. Lee SY, Obata Y, Yoshida M, et al. (2003). "Immunomic analysis of human sarcoma". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (5): 2651–6...
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