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Identity by type information


Alleles have identity by type (IBT) when they have the same phenotypic effect or, if applied to a variation in the composition of DNA such as a single nucleotide polymorphism, when they have the same DNA sequence.

Alleles that are identical by type fall into two groups; those that are identical by descent (IBD) because they arose from the same allele in an earlier generation; and those that are non-identical by descent (NIBD) because they arose from separate mutations. NIBD can also be identical by state (IBS) though, if they share the same mutational expression but not through a recent common ancestor. Parent-offspring pairs share 50% of their genes IBD, and monozygotic twins share 100% IBD.

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Identity by type

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Alleles have identity by type (IBT) when they have the same phenotypic effect or, if applied to a variation in the composition of DNA such as a single...

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Type physicalism

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Type physicalism (also known as reductive materialism, type identity theory, mind–brain identity theory and identity theory of mind) is a physicalist theory...

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Identity type

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In type theory, the identity type represents the concept of equality. It is also known as propositional equality to differentiate it from "judgemental...

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Identity by descent

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association study Identity by type Linkage disequilibrium Population genetics Browning, S. R. (2008). "Estimation of Pairwise Identity by Descent from Dense...

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Dissociative identity disorder

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It has a history of extreme controversy. Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by the presence of at least two distinct and relatively enduring...

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Gender identity

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this type is not necessarily incompatible with the existence of an innate gender identity, since it may be the expression of that gender that varies by culture...

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Identity provider

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Connect (OIDC) is an identity layer on top of OAuth. In the domain model associated with OIDC, an identity provider is a special type of OAuth 2.0 authorization...

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Identity document

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Card (including the old metal type) is universally accepted as proof of identity in Zimbabwe. Zimbabweans are required by law to carry identification on...

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Ping Identity

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Ping Identity Corporation is an American software company established in 2002 by Andre Durand and Bryan Field-Elliot. It is headquartered in Denver, Colorado...

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Identity theft

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Identity theft, identity piracy or identity infringement occurs when someone uses another's personal identifying information, like their name, identifying...

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Identity function

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In mathematics, an identity function, also called an identity relation, identity map or identity transformation, is a function that always returns the...

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Hungarian identity card

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only this identity card. Currently, there are three types of valid identity documents (Személyi igazolvány, abbr. Sz.ig.). The oldest valid type is a hard-covered...

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Social identity threat

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Social identity threat is a theory in social psychology derived from social identity theory to explain the different types of threats that arise from...

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List of national identity card policies by country

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is a list of identity document policies by country. A national identity document is an identity card with a photo, usable as an identity card at least...

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National Registration Identity Card

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The National Registration Identity Card (NRIC), colloquially known as "IC" (Malay: Kad Pengenalan Pendaftaran Negara; Chinese: 身份证; pinyin: Shēnfèn Zhèng;...

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Identity fraud

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Identity fraud is the use by one person of another person's personal information, without authorization, to commit a crime or to deceive or defraud that...

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Intuitionistic type theory

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Intuitionistic type theory (also known as constructive type theory, or Martin-Löf type theory, the latter abbreviated as MLTT) is a type theory and an...

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Colombian identity card

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was removed, and information on blood type, the citizen's sex and a barcode was added. Since May 2000, the identity document "Amarilla con hologramas" (yellow...

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National identity cards in the European Economic Area and Switzerland

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National identity cards are identity documents issued to citizens of most European Union and European Economic Area (EEA) member states, with the exception...

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Identity formation

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Identity formation, also called identity development or identity construction, is a complex process in which humans develop a clear and unique view of...

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National identity

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nation as a cohesive whole, as represented by distinctive traditions, culture, and language". National identity comprises both political and cultural elements...

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South African identity card

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South African smart identity card – known as a Smart ID Card – replaces the old green bar-coded identity book. Both are identity documents that serve...

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Religious identity

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Religious identity is a specific type of identity formation. Particularly, it is the sense of group membership to a religion and the importance of this...

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Homotopy type theory

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is in rapid flux. At one time, the idea that types in intensional type theory with their identity types could be regarded as groupoids was mathematical...

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Turkish identity card

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Starting in 2017, this type of ID cards stopped being issued. The Turkish Ministry of the Interior issued an EU-like identity card (Turkish: Kimlik Kartı)...

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