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In societies that regard some races or ethnic groups of people as dominant or superior and others as subordinate or inferior, hypodescent refers to the automatic assignment of children of a mixed union to the subordinate group.[1] The opposite practice is hyperdescent, in which children are assigned to the race that is considered dominant or superior.
Parallel practices include patrilineality, matrilineality, and cognatic descent, which assign race, ethnicity, or religion according to the father, mother, or some combination, without regard to the race of the other parent. These systems determine group membership based on the gender of the parent rather than the social dominance of the group, and thus can be hypodescent or hyperdescent depending on the genders of the parents and the views of the culture in which they live (i.e. patriarchal vs matriarchal societies).
Attempts to limit (or eliminate) mixed-race populations by legal means are defined in anti-miscegenation laws, such as passed by various states in the United States.
^Kottak, Conrad Phillip (2009). "Chapter 11: Ethnicity and Race". Mirror for Humanity: A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology (7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 238. ISBN 978-0-07-353104-5.
people as dominant or superior and others as subordinate or inferior, hypodescent refers to the automatic assignment of children of a mixed union to the...
Agnatic seniority Derbfine Family name Historical inheritance systems Hypodescent Hyperdescent Matrilineality Matriname Order of succession Patricide Patrilocal...
socially dominant of the parents' races. Hyperdescent is the opposite of hypodescent (the practice of classifying a child of mixed race ancestry in the more...
and restrictions. The use of such terminology is a characteristic of hypodescent, which is the practice within a society of assigning children of mixed...
identity and included the "biracial" option on the census. The concept of hypodescent refers to the automatic assignment of children of a mixed union between...
people of color in the United States, they created a social order of hypodescent, in which they assigned mixed-race children to the lower-status groups...
States. In 1924, Virginia passed the Racial Integrity Act that codified hypodescent or the "one-drop rule, suggesting that anyone with any trace of African...
classify as black a person of any known African ancestry. This practice of hypodescent was not put into law until the early 20th century. Legally, the definition...
categories (see cleanliness of blood, casta, apartheid in South Africa, hypodescent). Below are some census definitions of White, which may differ from the...
identity of the minority parent, which reflected social practices of hypodescent. Black social workers had influenced court decisions on regulations related...
following accusations of colorism. Colorism Color terminology for race Hypodescent Light-skinned Louisiana Creole Indian South Africans Baster Mixed-race...
influence and laws making slavery a racial caste, and later practices of hypodescent, white colonists and settlers tended to classify persons of mixed African...
recognition of their identity and it also contributed to a binary culture of hypodescent, in which mixed-race persons were often classified as part of the group...
imagination, but offers no path toward resolution." Children of the plantation Hypodescent Partus sequitur ventrem Anti-miscegenation law Slaves in the Family Mulatto...
colloquially synonymous with half-caste, terminology that is characteristic of hypodescent, which occurs when offspring of mixed-race unions are assigned to the...
considered children born to a white father to be white, in a type of hypodescent classification, although the Native mother and tribe might care for them...
state records as black, under what is known as the "one-drop rule" of hypodescent. The binary classifications required individuals to be classified as...
Most present-day descendants of the original Marabou are products of hypodescent and, subsequently, mostly of African in ancestry. The country also has...
she found they had any black (or African) ancestry, an application of hypodescent rules, and did not notify people of her actions. Among the practices...
all free people of color were classified together as black, in the hypodescent classification resulting from the racial caste of slavery.[citation needed]...
birth certificate versus a death certificate. Different rules (such as hypodescent vs. hyperdescent) classify the same people differently, and for various...
all people of some African ancestry as black, under the principle of hypodescent, later known as the one-drop rule. Some 19th-century categorization schemes...
she found they had any black (or African) ancestry, an application of hypodescent rules, and did not notify people of her actions. In other cases, if people...
process of racialization and ethnoracial mixture, "Amalgamation and Hypodescent: The Question of Ethnoracial Mixture in the History of the United States...
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